AIR POLLUTION

AVILA,John Carl C.
 • TO KNOW WHAT IS AIR
POLLUTION
OBJECTIVES • EFFECTS
• CAUSES
• PREVENTION
EFFECTS
 • Chemical reactions involving air
pollutants can create acidic compounds
which can cause harm to vegetation and
buildings.
ACIDIFICATION • Air Pollutants combined with droplets of
water causes ACID RAIN
 • Even healthy people can experience
health impacts from polluted air
including respiratory irritation or
breathing difficulties during exercise or
HEALTH
outdoor activities.
• Your actual risk of adverse effects
PROBLEMS depends on your current health status,
the pollutant type and concentration,
and the length of your exposure to the
polluted air.
 • is the observed century-scale rise in the
average temperature of the Earth's
climate system and its related effects.
• Gasses emitted in the atmosphere such
GLOBAL as Greenhouse gasses contributes to the
WARMING rise of Earth’s temperature since some of
the heat of the sun cannot escape to the
space.
 CAUSES
of
AIR POLLUTION

NALUAL, Ellen Marie Narisma

BSCE - IV
Vehicle Emissions
Sulfur dioxide emitted from the combustion of fossil fuels like
coal, petroleum and other factory combustibles is one the major cause
of air pollution. Pollution emitting from vehicles including trucks, jeeps,
cars, trains, airplanes cause immense amount of pollution.

Carbon Monoxide caused by improper or incomplete combustion

and generally emitted from vehicles is another major pollutant along
with Nitrogen Oxides, that is produced from both natural and
manmade processes.
Exhaust from Factories and Industries
Industry is a major contributor to air pollution. Industrial
processes release pollutants such as nitrous oxide and
hydrofluorocarbons into the air. Agricultural practices, livestock rearing
and landfills also contribute to atmospheric methane concentrations.
The overall effect is an increase in the global warming potential.

Petroleum refineries also release hydrocarbons and various other

chemicals that pollute the air and also cause land pollution.
Power Plants
The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that fossil-fuel burning
power plants supply almost two-thirds of the nation's electricity needs.
Natural gas and coal make up over 90 percent of this amount. Fossil
fuel emissions contain the major greenhouse gases, including carbon
dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and fluorinated gases.
Agricultural Activities
Ammonia is a very common by product from agriculture related
activities and is one of the most hazardous gases in the atmosphere.
Use of insecticides, pesticides and fertilizers in agricultural activities has
grown quite a lot. They emit harmful chemicals into the air and can also
cause water pollution.
Mining Operations
Dust and chemicals are released in the air causing massive air
pollution. This is one of the reason which is responsible for the
deteriorating health conditions of workers and nearby residents.
Deforestation
Deforestation affects the atmosphere in several ways. Forests act
as sinks for carbon dioxide through a process called carbon
sequestration. Trees store carbon dioxide in their plant tissue as they
take in this gas to undergo food-making.
Wood Fires
Wood fires cause air pollution by releasing particulate matter
into the air. These particles can become lodged in your respiratory
system, causing irritation to tissues. The particles can also aggravate
existing health conditions such as asthma, warns the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency.
Smoking
The University of Minnesota estimates that up to 90 percent of
the American population is routinely exposed to secondhand smoke.
Tobacco smoke contains 40 carcinogens, making it an especially lethal
form of air pollution.
Natural Processes
Natural processes can contribute to the effects of air pollution.
Natural erosion of rock and soils also releases toxins such as radon into
the air. Radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer in the United
States, according to the National Cancer Institute
Indoor Air Pollution
Household cleaning products, painting supplies emit toxic
chemicals in the air and cause air pollution.

Suspended Particulate Matter is another cause of pollution.

Referring to the particles afloat in the air, SPM is usually caused by
dust, combustion etc.
AIR POLLUTION PREVENTION

BY: CARL JIMHART D. SEREÑO

VEHICLES
MINIMIZING CARS ON THE ROAD
BICYCLES AND WALKING
CARPOOLING
SPEED LIMIT
CAR MAINTENANCE
FUEL-EFFICIENT VEHICLES
ELECTRIC BIKES AND VEHICLES
SAVING ENERGY
SOLAR AND WIND POWER
 SECONDARY SOURCE
ENERGY SAVING APPLIANCES
 INDIRECT APPROACH
PROGRAMMABLE THERMOSTAT
 HEATER AND AIR CONDITIONER
C.F.L. AND L.E.D. BULBS
WASTE DISPOSAL AND SMOKING
NO TO BURNING WASTES
COMPOSTING
3R’S
NO TO SMOKING
TREES AND PLANTS
CLEAN THE AIR
LOWER DOWN THE TEMPATRATURE
HOUSEPLANTS
ECO-FRIENDLY PRODUCTS
LOW TO NO V.O.C. PAINTS
NO TO SPRAY PAINTS
NATURAL OILS AND FLOWERS
BAKING SODA, VINEGAR, AND LEMON JUICE
PERFUME MODERATION
REFERENCES
 http://berkeleyearth.org/air-pollution-and-cigarette-equivalence
 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1817966/?page=1
 http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/units/urban/local-resources/downloads/Tree_Air_Qual.pdf
 https://helpsavenature.com/prevention-of-air-pollution
PROHIBITED ACTS | FINES
AND PENALTIES | REPUBLIC
ACT 8749 PHILIPPINE
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1999
RA 8749: PHILIPPINE CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1999
• provides the policy framework for the country’s air quality management
program. It seeks to uphold the right of every Filipino to breathe clean air by
addressing air pollution from mobile and stationary sources.
• The law adheres to the Constitutional right of people to “a balanced and
healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature.” It also
believes in the principle that “polluters must pay,” because a clean and
healthy environment is for the good of all and should, therefore be the
concern of all.
• focuses primarily on pollution prevention rather than control by
encouraging cooperation and self-regulation among citizens and industries.
It also enforces a system of accountability for adverse environmental
impacts to heighten compliance to government environmental regulations.

http://www.denr.gov.ph/news-and-features/latest-news/51-air-pollution-management.html
SECTION I
• Fines and Penalties for Violations of Other Provisions in the
Act For violations of all other provisions provided in the Act
and these Implementing Rules and Regulations, fine of not
less than Ten Thousand Pesos (P 10,000.00) but not more
than One Hundred Thousand Pesos (P 100,000.00) or six (6)
years imprisonment or both shall be imposed. If the
offender is a juridical person, the president, manager,
directors, trustees, the pollution control officer or officials
directly in charge of the operations shall suffer the penalty
herein provided.
SECTION II

Any person who burns municipal waste in

violation of Sections 1 and 3 of Rule XXV shall
be punished with two (2) years and one (1) day
to four (4) years imprisonment.
SECTION III

Any person who burns hazardous substances

and wastes in violation of Section 1 of Rule XXV
shall be punished with four (4) years and one
(1) day to six (6) years imprisonment.
SECTION IV

Any person who burns bio-medical

waste in violation of Section 4 of Rule
XXV shall be punished with four (4)
years and one (1) to six (6) years
imprisonment.
SECTION V

• Any person who smokes inside a public building or

an enclosed public place, including publicutility
vehicles or other means of public transport or in any
enclosed area outside of his private residence,
private place of work or any duly designated
smoking area shall be punished with six (6) months
and one (1) day to one (1) year imprisonment or a
fine of ten thousand pesos (P 10,000.00).
SECTION VI

Any person who manufactures, imports, sells, offers

for sale, introduces into commerce, conveys or
otherwise disposes of, in any manner leaded gasoline
shall be punished with three (3) years and one (1)
day to five (5) years imprisonment and liable for the
appropriate fine as provided in Section 1.
SECTION VII

Any person who manufactures, imports, sells, offers

for sale, introduces into commerce,conveys or
otherwise disposes of, in any manner engines and/or
engine components which require theuse of leaded
gasoline shall be punished with three (3) years and
one (1) day to five (5) yearsimprisonment and liable
for the appropriate fine as provided in Section 1.
SECTION VIII

Any person who manufactures, sells, offers for sale,

dispenses, transports or introduces into commerce
unleaded premium gasoline fuel in violation of
Section 3 of Rule XXXI or which do not meet the fuel
specifications as revised by the DOE shall be punished
with three (3) years and one (1) day to five (5) years
imprisonment and liable for the appropriate fine as
provided in Section 1.
SECTION VIII

Any person who manufactures, sells, offers for sale,

dispenses, transports or introduces into commerce
unleaded premium gasoline fuel in violation of
Section 3 of Rule XXXI or which do not meet the fuel
specifications as revised by the DOE shall be punished
with three (3) years and one (1) day to five (5) years
imprisonment and liable for the appropriate fine as
provided in Section 1.
SECTION IX

Any person who manufactures, sells, offers for sale,

dispenses, transports or introduces into commerce
automotive diesel fuel in violation of Section 3 of Rule
XXXI or which do not meet the fuel specifications as
revised by the DOE shall be punished with three (3)
years and one (1) day to five (5) years imprisonment
and liable for the appropriate fine as provided in
Section 1.
SECTION X
Any person who manufactures, sells, offers for sale,
dispenses, transports or introduces into commerce industrial
diesel fuel in violation of Section 3 of Rule XXXI or which do
not meet the fuel specifications as revised by the DOE shall be
punished with three (3) years and one (1) day to five (5)years
imprisonment and liable for the appropriate fine as provided
in Section 1.
SECTION X
Any person who manufactures, sells, offers for sale,
dispenses, transports or introduces into commerce industrial
diesel fuel in violation of Section 3 of Rule XXXI or which do
not meet the fuel specifications as revised by the DOE shall be
punished with three (3) years and one (1) day to five (5)years
imprisonment and liable for the appropriate fine as provided
in Section 1.
SECTION XI

Any person who manufactures, processes, or

engages in the trade of any fuel or fuel
additive without having the fuel or fuel additive
registered with the DOE shall be punished with
two (2) years and one (1) day to four (4) years
of imprisonment and liable for the appropriate
fine as provided in Section 1.
SECTION XII

• Misfuelling refers to the act of introducing or

causing or allowing the introduction of
leaded gasoline into any motor vehicle equipped
with a gasoline tank filler inlet and labeled
“unleaded gasoline only.” Any person who misfuels
shall be punished with one (1) year and one (1) day
to three (3) years imprisonment or a fine of twenty
thousand pesos (P 20,000.00)
AIR QUALITY
MANAGEMENT
REPORT BY: CARL JIMHART D. SEREÑO
INTRODUCTION
 Republic Act No. 8749, otherwise known as the Philippine
Clean Air Act of 1999, provides the policy framework for
the country’s air quality management program.
 The law adheres to the Constitutional right of people to
“a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the
rhythm and harmony of nature.”
INTRODUCTION
 RA8749 focuses primarily on pollution prevention rather
than control by encouraging cooperation and self-
regulation among citizens and industries.
PH GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS
 LINIS/LIGTAS HANGIN PROGRAM
 BANTAY TAMBUTSO
 BANTAY TSIMINEA
 BANTAY SUNOG
 INDUSTRIAL ENFORCEMENT PROGRAM FOR STATIONARY
SOURCES
 PROMOTION OF CLEAN FUEL
 STRONG COLLABORATION BETWEEN GOVERNMENT AND
STAKEHOLDERS ON MEASURES TO ADDRESS POLLUTION