Professional Documents
Culture Documents
D P Srinivasa Murthy
Asst. Executive Engineer
Karnataka Power Corporation Limited
Step Up
Generator Transformer
Bus-I
Bus-II
Out Going Line
BUS BARS
The Bus Bar arrangement in any Sub Station
is based on the following.
Degree of flexibility desired.
Importance of the Loads fed from the Sub Station,
freedom of availing total shut down and it’s period.
Economic consideration, availability and cost.
Technical considerations.
Maintenance, Safety of Persons.
Provision of extension.
Simplicity.
Protective zones.
OPERATING MECHANISM
Hydraulic Open/Close
Spring Open/Close
One day workshop on “ Thermal Power Generation Issues- A Practical Approach”
Switch Yard Equipment's and Maintenance aspects
Timing Measurement
CURRENT TRANSFORMER
Is an equipment which measure the line
current and protect the system , it consist
of primary and secondary windings.
TYPES OF CORE
APPLICATION
CORE-1 DISTANCE PROTECTION I
CORE-2 O/C,LBB “
CORE-3 MEATERING “
CORE-4 BUS-1 “
CORE-5 BUS-2 “
Surge Arresters
SURGE ARRESTORS
Applications
• Protection of AIS and GIS substation equipment
• Protection of AC and DC traction systems
• HVDC protection
• Protection of series capacitor banks
• Protection of cables
• Protection of transmission lines
• Installation in polluted areas and areas with high
seismic activities
STATION EARTHING
The non current carrying metallic parts in every electrical sub
station are connected to the under ground earthing mesh called
Earth Mat at earth potential for the safety of the personnel and for
discharging fault currents. This system is called ‘Equipment
Earthing’.
The station earthing should have low earth resistance; low touch
potential and low step potential.
TOUCH POTENTIAL
• It is the Potential difference between a
step & the tip of the raised hand
touching a substation structure during
the flow of the earth fault current
through the latter.
Vt= Ib x (Rb+Rs)
Vt= Touch potential.
Ib= Tolerable body current.
Rb= Body Resistance.
Rs= Resistance of one step.
THANK YOU