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  • 9.01 Four Stroke Cycle and Engine Types

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    Taha Baig
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    The document describes the key components and functioning of four-stroke cycle engines. It discusses the intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes of the cycle. The main types of combustion engines - horizontally opposed, radial, and inline - are also outlined. Horizontally opposed engines have two banks of cylinders on opposite sides of a central crankcase and are commonly used in small aircraft like Cessnas. Radial engines feature cylinders arranged radially around a central crankshaft in one or multiple stacks. Inline engines line cylinders up behind each other typically underneath the crankshaft.

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    Four Stroke Cycle and Engine Types

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    The document describes the key components and functioning of four-stroke cycle engines. It discusses the intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes of the cycle. The main types of combustion engines - horizontally opposed, radial, and inline - are also outlined. Horizontally opposed engines have two banks of cylinders on opposite sides of a central crankcase and are commonly used in small aircraft like Cessnas. Radial engines feature cylinders arranged radially around a central crankshaft in one or multiple stacks. Inline engines line cylinders up behind each other typically underneath the crankshaft.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    12 views19 pages

    9.01 Four Stroke Cycle and Engine Types

    Uploaded by

    Taha Baig
    The document describes the key components and functioning of four-stroke cycle engines. It discusses the intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes of the cycle. The main types of combustion engines - horizontally opposed, radial, and inline - are also outlined. Horizontally opposed engines have two banks of cylinders on opposite sides of a central crankcase and are commonly used in small aircraft like Cessnas. Radial engines feature cylinders arranged radially around a central crankshaft in one or multiple stacks. Inline engines line cylinders up behind each other typically underneath the crankshaft.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 19

    Aero Engines

    9.01 Four Stroke Cycle and Engine Types


    References:
    FTGU pages 51-53
    9.01 Four Stroke Cycle
    and Engine Types

    MTPs:
    – Parts of the Cylinder
    – 4 Stroke Cycle
    – Types of Combustion Engines
    Parts of the Cylinder
    • Piston: moves up and down
    • Bore: hole for piston
    • Spark Plug(s): ignites fuel
    • Valves: intake and exhaust
    • Piston Rod: moves crankshaft
    • Crank Shaft: rotates prop
    • Sump: contains oil at bottom
    • Cam: opens / closes valves
    4 Stroke Cycle
    Induction (Suck)
    • Cam pushes down
    Cam Cam Intake Valve

    • Piston forced down


    by moving Crankshaft

    • Down-moving piston
    sucks air/fuel mixture
    through intake valve
    Compression (Squeeze)
    • Both valves closed

    • Piston forced
    upwards by moving
    crankshaft

    • Up-moving piston
    compresses air/fuel
    mixture
    Power (Bang)
    • Both valves closed

    • Spark plug ignites


    fuel air mixture

    • Piston forced down


    by expanding
    gasses

    • Down-moving piston
    pushes connecting
    rod which rotates
    crankshaft
    Exhaust (Blow)
    • Cam pushes
    exhaust valve open

    • Piston forced
    upwards by moving
    crankshaft

    • Up-moving piston
    pushes exhaust
    gasses out
    Confirmation
    Match the parts of a reciprocating
    engine by matching their names
    with the letter.
    Cylinder ____
    Crankshaft ____
    Intake valve ____
    Piston ____
    Sparkplug ____
    Connecting rod ____
    Exhaust valve ____
    Confirmation
    Match the actions of a four-stroke
    cycle by matching the action with
    the engine diagram.
    Compression ____
    Exhaust ____
    Intake ____
    Power ____
    Types of Combustion Engines
    Horizontally Opposed
    • Two banks of cylinders
    on opposite sides of a
    centrally located
    crankcase.

    • Flat design fits inside


    aircraft nose well.

    • Common in Cessna
    aircraft
    Radial
    • Odd number of cylinders (5, 7, 9…) surrounding a
    centrally located crankshaft.
    • Single or multiple banks of engines may be used
    (stacked behind one another).
    • Cylinders fire opposite each other to reduce vibrations.
    • Poor shape increases parasite drag and reduces forward
    visibility.
    Inline
    • Cylinders lined up behind each other, typically
    underneath crankshaft (aka inverted inline).
    • Advantage: small frontal cross section
    (streamlined aircraft nose)
    • Disadvantage: poor air cooling and long, heavy
    crankshaft.
    Confirmation

    Match the engines with the correct


    engine type:
    • A – Horizontally opposed engine
    • B – Radial engine
    • C – In line engine
    Confirmation
    Confirmation
    Confirmation
    ?

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