Professional Documents
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STATISTICAL HYPOTHESES
The head of the PE dept claims that the
mean height of Grade 7 students is 163cm.
The mean height of 45 randomly selected
Grade7 students is 167cm. Using 0.01
significance level, can it be concluded that
the mean height of the randomly selected
students is different from what is claimed by
the dept Head?
H0 : μ = 163cm
Ha : μ ≠ 163cm
STATISTICAL HYPOTHESES
The manager of a TV station claims that the
mean number of people watching their new
sitcom is 500,000 each day. A student
conducted a survey regarding this and came
up with a mean of 499,999. Using a 0.05
significance level, can it be concluded that
the mean number of people watching said
sitcom is less than what is claimed?
H0 : μ = 5000,000
Ha : μ < 500,000
STATISTICAL HYPOTHESES
The LB Company produces an average of 4%
defective bulbs each day. Lately, some of the
machines were upgraded and out of the
400 randomly selected bulbs, only 14 were
found defective. Does this suggest that
there is a decrease in the number of
defective bulbs being produced each day?
Use 0.05 significance level.
H0 : p = 0.04
Ha : p < 0.04
Test Statistic – value to which the
sample mean should be converted to
help in drawing a conclusion and
making a decision.
Critical Value – the point(s) separating
the non-rejection and rejection
regions.
Level of Significance (α)– corresponds
to the rejection region
Illustration:
Rejection Rejection
region region
Non-rejection region
TYPES OF ERRORS
Rejection
region
Non-rejection region
Rejection
region
Non-rejection region
Rejection Rejection
region region
Non-rejection region
σ2 is unknown σ2 is known
n < 30 n > or = 30
t= x-μ z= x -μ
s σ
√n √n
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
The following are steps for a hypothesis test for a
population mean when the population is assumed to
follow normal distribution:
Step1: State the null and the alternative
hypotheses
Step2: Choose the level of significance
Step3: Compute the test statistic
Step4: Determine the critical value or the p-value
(for t-test: find df and use the Table of t
Critical Values)
Step5: Draw a conclusion
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
Critical Value Method
test statistic z falls within the rejection region (goes
beyond the critical values), reject the H0 and accept
the Ha
p-Value Method
If p-value < or = α, reject H0
If p=value > or = α, do not reject H0
EXAMPLE
The leader of the association of jeepney drivers
claims that the average take home pay of all
drivers in Angeles City is P400.00. A random
sample of 100 jeepney drivers in Angeles City
was interviewed and the average daily take
home pay of these driers is found to be P425.
Use a 0.05 significance level to find out id the
average daily take homepay of all jeepney
drivers in Angeles City is different from P400.00
when the population variance is P8,464.00.
Critical Value Method
Step1: State the null and the alternative
hypotheses
H0 : μ = 400
Ha : μ ≠ 400