HRH(L) 23.46 kg/cm2, 535°C, 271.

112
t/hr
451.68TPH(L+R)
MS(L) 130 kg/cm2, 535°C, 311.5 t/hr 1.288kg/cm2 1.288kg/cm2
184°C 184°C
CRH(L) 26.74 kg/cm2, 325°C, 271.112 t/hr

HPT IPT LPT

CRH(R) 26.74 kg/cm2, 325°C, 271.112 t/hr 0.1011kg/cm2
VCB
MS(R) 130 kg/cm2, 535°C, 311.5 t/hr 12.41kg/cm2a 448°C
13.860 tph
HRH(R) 23.46 kg/cm2, 325°C, 271.112 t/hr
FW to ECO 250.9°C, 623 t/hr
460.7TPH
40.26 kg/cm2a
378°C 6.62 kg/cm2a 364°C 45.65°C
26.74 kg/cm2a MAE-A MAE-B

D/A h
37.765 tph 325°C 22.62 tph CEPs
VC 47.6°C
226°C
37.765 tph h 460.7 tph

FST HPH-7 HPH-6 187.7°C HPH-5 45.65°C

154.8°C
30.09 tph 72 tph
GC-1
532 tph
236°C 196°C
165.7°C 1.313kg/cm2
184°C LPH-1A LPH-1B
623 tph
173.1°C, 623 tph 2.84 kg/cm2a
265°C 24.1 tph
71.25TPH

BFPs 19.8 tph

532 tph
60.13°C
LPH-4123.7°C LPH-3 LPH-2 GC-2
460.76
85.87 tph
105°C TPH
187.45°C
27.3 tph 4 71.25
4.8 TPH
TPH
160°C 7
47.2TPH
DPs
72°C
129°C
.
CONDENSER CW WATER BOX

HOTWELL

HOTWELL

Air
Header
69C
 Cooling Tower Process
Evaporation
Loss
Hot Water

Heat exchanger
Cooling Tower Air

Cold
Water
SUMP
Make-up
BlowDown Water
 TURBINE AUXILIARY SYSTEM

CONDENSING SYSTEM
CONDENSING SYSTEM

•CONDENSER
•C.W. PUMPS
•AIR EJECTORS
 CONDENSER PERFORMANCE

CEGB SITE TEST CODE No. 3

Surface-type Steam Condensers (1981)

A Condenser is guaranteed by the OED/OEM to

• deal with a specified amount of steam and
• maintain a specified back pressure
when supplied with
a specified CW flow at a specified CW Inlet Temp.

• Also the cleanliness of the tubes is specified as is

the no. of Air Pumps required.
 CONDENSER PERFORMANCE

• Cleanliness of the tube surface

• The amount of air in Steam Space

• Velocity of Circulating Cooling Water

• Temp. of Circulating Water

• Circulating Water System Defects such as

in the Pumps or Fouling of Intake Screens,
etc.
CONDENSER PERFORMANCE
EFFECT OF VELOCITY & TEMP. OF C. W.

THE RATE OF HEAT TRANSFER

VARIES AS

 (C.W. VELOCITY)½

 (Mean C.W. TEMP.)¼

 CONDENSER PERFORMANCE
EFFECT OF AIR INGRESS IN CONDENSER STEAM
SPACE

Air Ingress in the Steam Space reduces the

heat transfer, thereby increasing the
temperature of condensing steam.

This results in poor vacuum and lower power

output.
 SURFACE CONDENSOR

CONSTRUCTIONAL FEATURES
1.Shell and tube nest arrangement with water box on either
side
2. Steam side connected to exhaust hood of LP Turbine
3. Water side divided into two independent halfs
4. Tubes are roller expanded in the tube plate
5. Number of support plates along the length of tube at
suitable intervals.
6. Tube plates seperates shell to water side.
7. Tubes provided with bowing for water draining
8. The condensate stored in hotwell and extracted by CEPs
9. The air is sucked off from air cooling zones.
10. Tube bundles at air cooling zones segregated from the
rest by baffle plates. The steam and air mixture undercooled
at this zones.
By under cooling partial pressure of air increases
and hence proportion of steam drawn is reduced.
11. The condensor supported by springs on foundation OR
supported firmly on foundation and connected to turbine
with bellows to take care of expansions.
12. Tube bundles are arranged in bundles seperated by
sufficiently wide steam lanes. Ensures adequate velocities
of steam and water droplets. Prevents formation of
condensate film over the tubes which otherwise retards heat
transfer.
13.Bursting diaphragm provided on LP turbine/Exhaust
hood to avoid over pressurisation inside condensor.
 Main functions of condensor

1. To condense the steam exhausted from turbine.

2. To maintain vacuum so that heat drop utilised in turbine
is maximum.
3. To maintain condensate temperature to saturation level
so that dissolved gases are liberated.
4. To form convenient point for introducing make up
water to the cycle.
5. To prevent undercooling of condensate so that thermal
losses are minimised.
6. To facilitate extraction of air and other gases.
 Operating performance parameters
1. Hotwell level.
2. Condensor Vacuum in absolute pressure useful to
ascertain the performance of condensor.
3. Air leakage (ingress to the system)
4. Vacuum Tightness. Isolate air valve and check the drop
in vacuum. Average fall should be less than 3 mm Hg.
5. Circulating water inlet temperature. T1
• Determines the condensor pressure.
• Depends on ambient conditions / climate.
• Below the design value may give very high
vacuum, but may not be efficient
6. Circulating water outlet temperature. T2
Depends on condensor steam loading and CW
mass flow.
7. Terminal Temperature Difference ‘TTD’
=Sat. temperature at condensor pressure - CW
outlet temperature.
TTD increases on poor heat transfer due to
deposits inside tube OR excess air in shell
side.
8. Condensate temperature.
For optimum efficient operation of condensor
Temperature of condensate is nearly equal to
temperature of exhaust steam. Cooling water
should carry only latent heat of evaporation.
9. Circulating water mass flow.
Mass flow can be determined by the following
methods
A. By CW pump characteristics.
B. From enthalpy of condensing steam flow
and CW temperature rise
mk = hD mD/(T2-T1) m3/hr
mk = CW mass flow
hD = Enthalpy of condensing steam
mD = Steam flow
T2 = CW outlet temperature.
T1 = CW inlet temperature.
 C. Comparision of temperature rise with the
designed specified value at particular load.
Mass flow should not be more than design value.
To be maintained within limit either by adjusting
blade pitch of pump or by throttling the CW outlet valves.