Disaster

Dr. Ugi Sugiri Sp. EM

Emergency Dept.Fatmawati General Hospital
Jakarta
 Definition
 Disaster is a serious disruption of the
functioning of a society, cousing
widespread human, material or
environmental losses which exceed
the ability of the affected society to
cope using only its own resources
UNDMTP , WHO
 Type of Disaster
 Natural
- Earthquake
- Cyclone
- Mountain Eruption
- Landslides, floods
 Manmade
- Conflict, terrors
- Accidents ( industrial, traffic )
 Hazards

Earthquake & Tsunami

Floods
Earthquake Volcanoes Eruption

Flash floods & Landslides Bomb Blast

Conflict

Industrial Accident Cyclone

Transportation Accident
Where are we ?
 The Geographic Nature

World is formed by
moving Tectonic Plates
that push one another
and Ring of Fire
where active volcanoes are located
 Indonesia

DISASTERS
DISASTERS
 Island countries DISASTERS
 4 tectonic slices POTENTIALS
DISASTERS
 130 active volcanoes DISASTERS
 >5000 large rivers DISASTERS
DISASTERS
DISASTERS
Several huge incidents Indonesia

Lives lost Date Event Location

>200.000. December 2004 Earthquake NAD, Sumut
and Tsunami
153 2005 Earthquake Nias
5778 27 may 2006 Earthquake Yogyakarta
684 17 july 2006 Earthquake South Coast of Java
and Tsunami island
135 2006 Sliding land NAD, SUMBAR,
Sumsel Jabar,
jateng, Jatim, Bali &
Papua
Hi! How About Us ?

Communicable diseases especially

Bird Flu Pandemic – Coming Soon on this Screen
When Disasters Come …

Some things happen

to us and our society
Livelihood and Environment
 Emergencies and Disasters
 Emergency = The Risk that can be manage with
some support in a given situation.

 Disaster = The Risk that can not be managed

and needs extra efforts to manage in a given
 Disaster Management System

Planning
Situation Prevention
without Risk reduction
Education
disaster
Training
threat
Before Research
disaster Penataan Tata Ruang
Situation with Mitigacy
disaster threat Early warning
Preparedness

Level of emergency
Rapid assesment
System During Rescue and evacuation
disaster Basic need covered
Protection
Recovery

Infrastructure
Rehabilitation
Social
Economic
After disaster Health
Reconstruction Security
Environment
PREPAREDNESS Rapid Assessment RESPONSE
Operational
Contingency Plan
Plan
EMERGENCY
Early warning
Lessons
Review learned
Preparedness
Plan
Time Money Rehabilitation
Plan

3 Cs Human
Values
Info
System Supplies
Mitigation
Plan Re/Development
Management Wheel Plan
Hazard evaluation
Disaster
Management
MITIGATION
Plan REHABILITATION
 • HOPE
(MFR, CSSR) (Paramedic , • “Emergency Nurse”
CSSR) (BTLS, BCLS, BNLS, BPLS)
Police • “Emergency Physician”
(BLS) Fire Brigade 118 (ATLS, ACLS, ANLS, APLS)
Security Guard Emergency • Trauma Surgeon
(ATLS, BSS, DSTC, Peri OP CC)
Layman Civil Defense Ambulance
• DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Scouts Service E.D. I.C.U Ward
Red Cross

Rehabilitation
Access
DISASTER Public
Emergency
Telephone Number Health
Center
110,113,118

Pre-Hospital Phase Hospital Phase

“Emergency Nurse” (PPNI):
 BTLS
 BCLS
 BNLS
 BPLS
 Disaster Management
 Emergency Physician
 ATLS
 ACLS

 ANLS

 APLS

 Managemen Disaster
 Our Future ?

To Reduce:
 Deaths

 Injured

 IDPs

 Loses

 Cash

Can we prevent, prepare to minimize it or are we going to let it go?

or let it be. Then what should we do now…????
 Risk Management
Risk

Capacity Hazard

Vulnerability

Risk = Hazard x Vulnerability

---------------------
Capacity
 We live
simple, but we
know how to
Smile and
survive
having be happy
nothing. How while you
about you can, life will
guys ? go on…
Do you know Ha Ha Ha
what you are
!!!
doing – what
you call
development
? Are you
challenging
the universe,
Good Luck
Super Thanks for Your Support !
 SUMBER GEMPA
Tectonic  Pergeseran lempeng
tektonik
Vulkanic
 Aktifitas gunung api
Runtuhan/longsor  Longsor
Buatan  Ledakan dinamit,
nuklir
 Gempa yang bagaimana yang akan
berpotensi menimbulkan Tsunami?
(dan berdampak kerusakan)

 Gempa Besar
dengan Muka laut
Magnitude M Normal
>6.0
 Lokasi di Laut
 Kedalaman
dangkal < 60km.
 Terjadi deformasi
vertikal dasar laut
BILA MERASAKAN GEMPA /
GETARAN KUAT DI TEPI PANTAI,
SEGERALAH PINDAH KE TEMPAT
YANG LEBIH TINGGI / AMAN.JANGAN
MENUNGGU PERINGATAN / TANDA
BAHAYA

BILA AIR LAUT TIBA-TIBA SURUT

DENGAN CEPAT, JANGAN
MENUNGGU, SEGERA PINDAH KE
TEMPAT YANG TINGGI / AMAN

JANGAN BERPIKIR BISA BERENANG

ATAU BERSELANCAR PADA / DI ATAS
TSUNAMI !!!!

ANDA TIDAK AKAN DAPAT

MENANG BERLARI MELAWAN
TSUNAMI
TSUNAMI ADALAH RANGKAIAN
GELOMBANG AIR LAUT,
GELOMBANG KEDUA
(BERIKUTNYA) BISA LEBIH BESAR
DARI GELOMBANG PERTAMA
(SEBELUMNYA)

BAHAYA TSUNAMI BISA

BERLANGSUNG BEBERAPA
JAM

TSUNAMI MENJALAR KE DARATAN /

PANTAI SEMAKIN BESAR, BAHKAN
PADA PANTAI BERBENTUK
CORONG ATAU PADA MUARA
SUNGAI VOLUME TSUNAMI BISA
NAIK BERLIPAT-LIPAT
TSUNAMI DAPAT MERAMBAT KE
TEMPAT YANG SANGAT JAUH
DENGAN KECEPATAN SETARA
PESAWAT JET

TSUNAMI, BAHKAN YANG KECIL,

MEMPUNYAI KEKUATAN YANG
SANGAT BESAR, MAMPU
MENGHANYUTKAN DAN
MENGHANCURKAN
BENDA/BARANG YANG JAUH
LEBIH BERAT DAN KOKOH, YANG
MENYEBABKAN BAHAYA LEBIH
BESAR
 Selang waktu antara Waktu Tiba
Gelombang Gempa dan Tsunami

120
Waktu tiba (menit)

100
Tsunami
80
60
40
20 Gempa
0
0 200 400 600 800 1000
Jarak Episenter (km)

Tsunami Gempa