DETERMINATION OF

SAMPLE SIZE

A REVIEW OF STATISTICAL
THEORY
÷ASIC CONCEPTS
 Descriptive statistics ± Statistics used to
describe or summarize information about
population or sample.
 Inferential statistics ± Statistics used to
make inferences or judgment about
population on the basis of sample.
÷ASIC CONCEPTS
 FREQUENCY DISTRI÷UTION ± A set of
data organized by summarizing the number
of times a particular value of a variable
occurs.
Amount (Rs.) f
Less than 5000 500
50001-10000 1500
10001-20000 700
20001-30000 800
Above 30000 600
÷ASIC CONCEPTS

 Percentage distribution
 Probability distribution
 Proportion ± The percentage of population
that successfully meet some criterion
CENTRAL TENDENCY
 MEAN ± An important measure of central
tendency.
 Arithmetic average
 Mean = - / n = 311/4 =77.75

Name
A ÷ C D
Total

Marks
80 85 70 76 
311
CENTRAL TENDENCY
 MEDIAN ±
 It is the mid-point of the distribution± the
value below which half of the values in a
sample fall.
 MODE±
 A measure of central tendency, the value
that occurs most often.
MEASURES OF DISPERSION
 RANGE ± The distance between the
smallest and largest values of a frequency
distribution. Range = L-S
 STANDARD DEVIATION ±
 A quantitative index of a distribution
spread or variability, the square root of the
variance.
MEASURES OF DISPERSION
 Average deviation ± A measure of
dispersion that is computed by calculating
the deviation score of each observation
value, summing up the deviation scores and
dividing by the sample size.
 Variance ± A measure of variability or
dispersion.
NORMAL DISTRI÷UTION
 A symmetrical, bell-shaped distribution
that describes the expected probability
distribution of many chance occurrences.
 Z=--µ/m
µ = hypothesized or expected value of mean
Population distribution &
Sample distribution

 Population distribution
 Sample distribution ± A theoretical
probability distribution of all possible
samples of a certain size drawn from a
particular population.
 Standard error of mean ± The S.D of the
sampling distribution of the mean.
 S- = m / n
CENTRAL LIMIT THEOREM
 The theory stating that as the sample size
increases, the distribution of sample means
of size n, randomly selected, approaches a
normal distribution.
 Confidence interval estimate ± A specified
range of numbers within which a
population mean is expected to lie.
CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
 A percentage or decimal value that tells
how confident a researcher can be about
being correct.It states the long run
percentage of the time that a confidence
interval will include the true population
mean.
SAMPLE SIZE
 The factors determining the sample size
include ±
 Variance / heterogeneity of the population
 Magnitude of acceptable error.
 Confidence level