Water Piping System

1 Introduction:
The water system includes chilled and hot water
systems, chilled and hot water pumps, condenser. The
purpose of the water system is:
1. Transport chilled water and hot water from the
central plant to the air-handling units, fan-coil
units, and fan powered boxes.
2. Transport the condenser water from the cooling
tower, well water, or other.
 Types of piping systems
1. Closed loop.

2. Open loop.
3.Once-Thru.
 Pipe sizing Procedure
Step 1 :Determine water velocity in pipes.

For 2 Inch and below pipes, Velocity limit is 4 FPS.

 2-inch and above, head loss=4ft/100ft.

 FRICTION LOSS PER FOOT OF TUBING Chart key:
Best efficiency
GPH GPM TUBING SIZE
point
1/2'' 3/4'' 1'' 11/4'' 11/2'' 2'' 3'' Recommended
100 1.667 0.1 0.01 operating range
200 3.333 0.38 0.05 0.01 Do Not operating
range
300 5 0.83 0.1 0.02
400 6.667 1 0.18 0.04 0.01
500 8.333 2.23 0.27 0.06 0.02
750 12.5 0.5 0.14 0.04 0.02
1000 16.67 0.84 0.21 0.07 0.03
1250 20.83 1.2 0.33 0.1 0.04 0.01
1500 25 0.43 0.15 0.06 0.02
2000 33.33 2.07 0.26 0.1 0.03
3000 50 0.25 0.22 0.05
4000 66.67 1.1 0.43 0.09 0.01
5000 83.33 1.8 0.67 0.15 0.02
6000 100 0.96 0.22 0.03
8000 133.3 1.77 0.38 0.05
10000 166.7 0.59 0.07
12000 200 0.84 0.1
15000 250 0.15
18000 300 0.25
Chilled water pipe sizing and flow range (GPM)
 PUMPS AND ITS SELECTION
• Centrifugal pump types:
1. Horizontal split case.
2. Vertical split case.
3. In line (Horizontal-
Vertical).
4.End suction.
5.Close coupled.
 Pump Selection
STEP 1
CALCULATE THE TOTAL FLOW RATE(GPM) for
each pump.
Total
1670
GPM

Pump
835
GPM
 STEP 2
CALCULATE TOTAL DYNAMIC HEAD
A. Head loss for pipe length.
B. Head loss for fittings length.
C. Head loss for Accessories.
D. Head loss for Equipment.
Pump-calc 1.pdf
Pipes Fittings Accessories Equipment
losses losses TDH
losses losses

20.28 10.59 17.92 9.8 64.2

ft. ft. ft. ft. Ft.
 STEP 3
• Choose your pump
• pump performance.pdf