Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Systems in Organizations
Chapter 1
Fundamentals of Information 1
Systems, Second Edition
Learning Objectives
– What is information?
– What are the differences between data
and information?
– How can you evaluate the quality of
data?
– When is information valuable?
Fundamentals of Information 2
Systems, Second Edition
Learning Objectives
Fundamentals of Information 3
Systems, Second Edition
Learning Objectives
Fundamentals of Information 4
Systems, Second Edition
Learning Objectives
Fundamentals of Information 5
Systems, Second Edition
Learning Objectives
Fundamentals of Information 6
Systems, Second Edition
Information Concepts
Fundamentals of Information 7
Systems, Second Edition
Information System
Fundamentals of Information 8
Systems, Second Edition
Data vs. Information
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Systems, Second Edition
The Process of Transforming Data into
Information
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Systems, Second Edition
Characteristics of Valuable Information
(2)
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Systems, Second Edition
Computer-Based
Information Systems (CBIS)
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Systems, Second Edition
Components of a CBIS
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Systems, Second Edition
Components of a CBIS
• Hardware - computer equipment used to perform
input, processing, and output activities.
• Software - computer programs that govern the
operation of the computer.
• Database - an organized collection of facts and
information, typically consisting of two or more
related data files.
• People - the most important element in most
computer-based information systems.
• Procedures - include the strategies, policies,
methods, and rules for using the CBIS.
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Systems, Second Edition
Telecommunications, Network, and the
Internet
• Telecommunications - the electronic
transmission of signals for communications.
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Systems, Second Edition
Business Information
Systems
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Systems, Second Edition
Business Information Systems
• Electronic Commerce
• Transaction Processing Systems and Enterprise
Resource Planning (ERP)
• Information and Decision Support Systems
• Special-Purpose Business Information Systems:
Artificial Intelligence, Expert Systems, and
Virtual Reality
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Systems, Second Edition
E-Commerce
• Business-to-consumer
– Example: Bookstore selling books to
customers (amazon.com)
• Business-to-business
– Example: A data processing company
handling data services for a company
(adp.com)
• Consumer-to-consumer
– Example: A customer selling goods to another
customer (e-bay.com)
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Systems, Second Edition
E-Commerce Greatly Simplifies the
Purchasing Process
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Systems, Second Edition
Transaction Processing Systems
and ERP
• Transaction processing system (TPS) - an organized
collection of people, procedures, software, databases,
and devices used to record completed business
transactions.
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Systems, Second Edition
A Payroll Transaction Processing
System
Fundamentals of Information 23
Systems, Second Edition
Management Information System (MIS)
(Help do things right)
Report on budget
Fundamentals of Information 24
Systems, Second Edition
Decision Support Systems (DSS)
(Help do the right thing)
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Systems, Second Edition
Essential DSS Elements
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Systems, Second Edition
Special-Purpose Business Information
Systems
Fundamentals of Information 28
Systems, Second Edition
A Head-Mounted Display
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Systems, Second Edition
Systems Development
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Systems, Second Edition
Organizations and
Information Systems
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Systems, Second Edition
A General Model of an Organization
Material, Goods,
money services
• Organization - a formal
collection of people and
various other resources
established to accomplish
a set of goals
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Systems, Second Edition
The Value Chain of a Manufacturing
Company
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Systems, Second Edition
Information Systems in
Supply Chain Management
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Systems, Second Edition
Technology Diffusion, Infusion, and
Acceptance
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Systems, Second Edition
Competitive Advantage
Fundamentals of Information 36
Systems, Second Edition
Strategic Planning for Competitive
Advantage
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Systems, Second Edition
Competitive Advantage Factors and Strategies
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Systems, Second Edition
Performance-Based Information Systems
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Systems, Second Edition
Roles, Functions, and Careers in the
Information Systems Department
• Operations
– Make sure IS works efficiently
– Start, stop, maintain hardware
– System & network operators, data-entry operators
• Systems Development
– Identify needs
– Produce programs
– System analyst, computer programmer
• Support
– Administration and assistance
– Train users; help maintain the system
– Web and database administrators; help-desk staff
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Systems, Second Edition
The Three Primary Responsibilities of Information
Systems
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Systems, Second Edition
Typical IS Titles and Functions
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Systems, Second Edition
Why Learn About Information
Systems?
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Systems, Second Edition