-by D.

ELAVARASAN,
MARINE ENGINEER.
 What to do next..!?
Don’t confuse? Think and analyze to choose..
LET US START WITH SMALL
INTERACTION
WHAT IS ENGINEERING?
Engineering is the application of scientific, economic, social, and practical knowledge,
in order to design, build, and maintain structures, machines, devices, systems, materials
and processes. It may encompass using insights to conceive, model and scale an appropriate
solution to a problem or objective.

Marine engineering broadly refers to the engineering of boats, ships, oil rigs and any other
marine vessel or structure. Specifically, marine engineering is the discipline applying engineering
sciences, mostly mechanical and electrical engineering, to the development, design, operation
and maintenance.
e.g. power and propulsion plants, machinery, piping, automation and control systems
etc. for marine vehicles of any kind like surface ships, submarines etc.

Marine engineering is the branch of study that deals with the design, development,
production and maintenance of the equipments used at sea and on board sea vessels like boats,
ships etc. As a matter of fact, it is quite a vast field and it also has many sister arenas like naval
architecture and nautical science. A marine engineer is a professional who is responsible for the
operation, maintenance and repair of all major mechanical and engineered equipments on
board a ship. There are many mechanical systems that help in the operations of any vessel like
the propulsion mechanics, electricity and power generation system, lubrication, fuel systems,
water distillation, lighting and air conditioning system etc. These are all included in the technical
responsibilities of a marine engineer.
 WHAT IS THE DEFINITION
FOR ENGINE?
A MECHANICAL MACHINE THAT PRODUCE THE POWER AND CONVERTS
INTO MECHANICAL FORCE OR MOTION ( EXAMPLE: KINETIC ENERGY, ELECTRICAL
ENERGY,PNEUMATIC ENERGY)
 Heat engines

IC Engines EC Engines

Rotary Reciprocating Reciprocating Rotary

Open
Wankel Gasoline Diesel Steam Stirling Steam Closed
Cycle
engine Engine Engine Engine Engine Turbine Cycle
Gas
Gas
turbine
Turbine
 About a century ago no one would have heard about a marine
engineer, but today it is a profession which is as established as any other
famous ones. Over the last 100 years, engineering as a field of study has
developed and diversified far beyond what could have been imagined prior
to this period. Not only this, it has also branched out into various
specialized fields that have achieved great progress. Most of these new
fields are aligned to any of the basic engineering branches like mechanical,
electrical, civil, electronics, computers etc and have something or the other
incorporated from them. One such branch is called marine engineering.
merchant navy or merchant marine

A merchant navy or merchant marine is the fleet of merchant vessels that

are registered in a country, which varies in capacity. Seafarers on merchant vessels, who hold
various military-like ranks and responsibilities and are sometimes members of various maritime
trade unions, are required by the International Convention on Standards of Training,
Certification and Watch keeping for Seafarers to carry Merchant Mariner's Documents.
King George V bestowed the title of the "Merchant Navy" on the British merchant shipping
fleets following their service in the First World War; since then, a number of other nations have
since adopted the title. The following is a partial list of the merchant navies or merchant
marines of various countries. In many countries the fleet's proper name is simply the capitalized
version of the common noun.
Merchant ships : Workboats -:
oil tankers, barges,
gas tankers, fishing boats,
cargo ships, anchor handling tug supply vessels,
bulk carriers, platform supply vessels, tug boats,
container ships pilot vessels,
Passenger/vehicle ferries, rescue craft
cruise ships Yachts,
Warships : power boats,
frigates, and other recreational watercraft
destroyers, Offshore:
aircraft carriers, Offshore
amphibious ships platforms and subsea developments(
Submarines and underwater vehicles survey vessel and research vessels
Icebreakers
High speed craft:
hovercraft,
multi-hull ships,
hydrofoil craft
A K R
•Able seaman •Khalasi •Rigging monkey
B L S
•Boatswain •Lamp trimmer •Sailor
C •Lighter men •Sandy Hook Pilots
•Cabin boy •Loading master •Seafarer's professions and ranks
•Sea captain •Lock keeper •Seaman status in United States
•Chief cook •Lookout admiralty law
•Chief engineer M •Second assistant engineer
•Chief harbourmaster •Maritime pilot •Second mate
•Chief mate •Mate (naval officer) •Shahbandar
•Chief steward •Motorman •Ship chandler
•Crew agents N •Marine surveyor
•Cruise director •National Association of Marine •Ship's cat
D Surveyors •Society of Accredited Marine Surveyors
•Deal porter •Navy boat crew •Stevedore
•Deck department O •Steward's assistant
•Dock master •Officer of the deck T
E •Oiler (occupation) •Third assistant engineer
•Engine department (ship) •Ordinary seaman •Third mate
•Engineering officer (ship) P •Trainee engineer
F •Pilot Major •Trainee electrical officer / electrician
•First assistant engineer •Port Revel W
H •Powder monkey •Watch standing
•Harbourmaster •Pump man •Watermen
•Hawsepiper •Purser •Watertender
J Q •Wharfinger
•Junior engineer. •Qualified member of the engine •Wiper (occupation)
•Junior officer. department
•Quartermaster
 Maritime transportation, the engine department or engineering department is an organizational unit
aboard a ship that is responsible for the operating, maintaining and repairing the propulsion systems and the support
systems for crew, passengers and cargo.[1] It is also responsible for repairing and maintaining other systems on ship such as:
Electrical Power Generation Plant
Lighting
Fuel oil
Lubrication
Water distillation
separation
Air conditioning
Refrigeration
The Engine Department emerged with the arrival of marine engines for propulsion, largely during the latter half
of the 19th century. Due to the advancement in Marine Technology during the twentieth century, the engineering
department is considered in merchant navy as equally important as the Deck department, since trained engineers are
required to handle the machinery on a ship.
Nowadays due to the increase in Automation on Merchant Vessels and increase in the Unattended Machinery
Spaces (UMS) class vessels the number of seafaring engineers have decreased drastically on board a Merchant Ship. Today
the Engine department usually consists of the following number of Engineers and crew.

Chief Engineer
Second Engineer
Third Engineer Engine department (ship)
Fourth Engineer
Junior Engineer
Electrical engineer / Electrical officer / Electrician.
Engine Cadet
Fitters (or) Machinist ( engine fitter/deck fitter)
Oilers (or) Motorman
Wipers
 Marine propulsion

Marine propulsion is the mechanism or system used to generate thrust to move

a ship or boat across water. While paddles and sails are still used on some smaller boats, most modern ships
are propelled by mechanical systems consisting a motor or engine turning a propeller, or less frequently, in
jet drives, an impeller. Marine engineering is the discipline concerned with the design of marine propulsion
systems.

Steam engines were the first mechanical engines used in marine propulsion, but have mostly been replaced
by two-stroke or four-stroke diesel engines, outboard motors, and gas turbine engines on faster
ships. Nuclear reactors producing steam are used to propel warships and icebreakers, and there have been
attempts to utilize them to power commercial vessels. Electric motors have been used on submarines and
electric boats and have been proposed for energy-efficient propulsion.[1] Recent development in liquefied
natural gas (LNG) fueled engines are gaining recognition for their low emissions and cost advantages.
 Marine and industrial safety courses To become safety officer

Maritime safety :
Maritime safety is concerned with the protection of life and property through regulation,
management and technology development of all forms of waterborne transportation

NEBOSH:
NEBOSH (National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health) is a UK-based
independent examination board delivering vocational qualifications in health, safety & environmental
practice and management.
OSHA:
Occupational Safety and Health Administration, a federal agency of the
United States that regulates workplace safety and health

The Institution of Occupational Safety and Health (IOSH)],

The International Institute of Risk and Safety Management (IIRSM)
The Institute of Environmental Management and Assessment (IEMA)
 Certificates
National General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety

National Certificate in Construction Health and Safety

National Certificate in Fire Safety and Risk Management

International General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety

National Certificate in Environmental Management

National Certificate in the Management of Health and Well-being at Work

International Certificate in Construction Health and Safety

International Technical Certificate in Oil and Gas Operational Safety

Diplomas
National Diploma in Occupational Health and Safety

International Diploma in Occupational Health and Safety

Diploma in Environmental Management

 Naval architecture
Naval architecture is an engineering discipline dealing with the design,
construction, maintenance and operation of marine vessels and structures. Naval
architecture involves basic and applied research, design, development, design
evaluation and calculations during all stages of the life of a marine vehicle.
Preliminary design of the vessel, its detailed design, construction, trials, operation
and maintenance, launching and dry-docking are the main activities involved. Ship
design calculations are also required for ships being modified (by means of
conversion, rebuilding, modernization, or repair).

Naval architecture also involves formulation of safety

regulations and damage control rules and the approval and certification of ship
designs to meet statutory and non-statutory requirements.

Marine architecture is the design of structures which support ship

transport, fishing, coastal management or other marine activities. These structures
include harbors, lighthouses, marinas and shipyards.
Coastal management

This coastal management aimed to prevent erosion

and flooding in port and coastal shores.
 “ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION”
IN Marine INDUSTRY
Marine electronics: refers to electronics devices designed and classed for use in the marine environment where even small drops
of salt water will destroy electronics devices. Therefore the majority of these types of devices are either water resistant or waterproof.
The term marine electronics is used for areas such as
Ship
Yacht
Marine electronics devices are
Chartplotter
Marine VHF radio
Autopilot/Self-steering gear
Fishfinder/Sonar
Radar
GPS
Electronic compass
Satellite television
Marine fuel management
Communication:
The electronics devices communicate by using a protocol defined by NMEA. NMEA has two standards available
NMEA 0183
NMEA 2000
Lightweight Ethernet (LWE)
NMEA 0183 is based on a serial communication network. NMEA 2000 is a Controller-area network based technology.
In recent years, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) has created a new standards suite for "Digital interfaces for navigational
equipment within a ship". This is known as IEC 61162and included NMEA 0183, NMEA 2000 and LWE.
Also different suppliers of marine electronics have their own communications protocol
Simrad has SimNet
B&G has FastNet
Raymarine has SeaTalk
Furuno has NavNet
Stowe has Dataline
Nexus has FDX
Sea~Data has SDML (XML markup language)
 Oceanography
Oceanography :
(compound of the Greek words ωκεανός meaning "ocean" and γράφω meaning "to
write"),

Also called ocean logy or marine science, is the branch of Earth science that
studies the ocean. It covers a wide range of topics, including marine organisms and
ecosystem dynamics; ocean currents, waves, and geophysical fluid dynamics; plate
tectonics and the geology of the sea floor; and fluxes of various chemical substances
and physical properties within the ocean and across its boundaries. These diverse
topics reflect multiple disciplines that oceanographers blend to further knowledge of
the world ocean and understanding of processes within it: biology,
chemistry, geology, meteorology, and physics as well as geography.
What is Ocean Engineering?
Ocean engineering is a field of study that can be vaguely defined as an advanced part
of the other marine technology studies like maritime engineering or offshore engineering or
marine electronic technology. If defined in detail, it would be mentioned as a branch of
technological studies that deals with the design and operations of man-made systems in the
ocean and other marine bodies. However it should not be confused with oceanography as is a
common problem. This is because oceanography is the study of the natural aspects of the
oceans and their dynamics, but not the artificial influence.

What Does an Ocean Engineers Do?

The responsibility of an Ocean Engineer is quite panoptic and among all the
engineering sciences prevalent in today’s times, the toughest and the most difficult one. To
put it simply, Ocean Engineering extends from building dams and reservoirs in a micro level to
planning, designing and executing structures, equipments and constructions that benefit not
just humans but also the existence of marine life-forms.
What is the Difference between Marine Engineering and
Nautical Science?
In order to have a successful career at sea, it is important you make the right decisions at the
start. Degrees in marine engineering or nautical science are two ways in which one can get a job on ships.
However, choosing between engine and deck side career on ships is one such decision that often bothers
Marine Engineering
students. Marine engineering is a field that deals with the engineering aspect of the maritime industry. Like any
conventional engineering course, marine engineering is a four year course which prepares an individual to
become an engineer on ships.
Marine engineering is all about machinery on ships, boats, yachts, or any sea going vessels. There are several
other technical streams that sprout out from this field. The curriculum of the course focuses on teaching
specialized knowledge of both theoretical and practical marine and mechanical engineering. Greater
importance is given to impart skills and competencies that are required to operate and maintain machinery on
board ships.

The subjects taught in the first and second year of the course are almost the same as those taught in
conventional mechanical engineering. The main aim is to introduce engineering sciences to the students and
to make them understand the applications of those sciences in various aspects of marine engineering.
The third and fourth years are totally dedicated to impart marine technical knowledge. Both theoretical and
practical aspects of marine machinery are covered with special focus on ship’s operation and maintenance of
marine machinery. Practical knowledge through laboratory and workshop training is provided throughout the
four years of the program, so that students get hands-on knowledge of dismantling and maintenance of
machines on ships.

Nautical Science
While marine engineering makes an individual a ship’s engineer, nautical science prepares a person to
become a deck officer. Nautical science is a three years course after which the student joins a ship as trainee
cadet officer. After completing sufficient time at the sea and clearing required competency exams, promotion
is given to the officer.

Nautical science imparts nautical technology knowledge which is important to become a deck officer on board
ships. Theoretical and practical knowledge required for navigation, cargo operation, and ship maintenance and
operation is imparted during the three years course, along with exposure to some areas of humanities and
social sciences. Hands-on training is extremely important as a deck officer and thus detailed procedure and
maintenance techniques of importance deck machinery is an integral part of this course.
Emphasis is also given on providing specialized knowledge on subjects such as seamanship and working
in marine environment. Several modular courses that are required to join a ship are also included in the
syllabus of nautical science, along with special training on sailing, boat handling, rope and rope ladder
climbing.
List of Post Graduation Courses after Marine Engineering

Maritime Industry provides a myriad of opportunities for those who want to explore
different facets of the marine world. A post graduation in any of the above mentioned courses
would open doors to a range of new opportunities in the maritime field itself.

For some people one education degree is never enough. These are people who crave
of knowledge, irrespective of the field they are in. If you have a degree in marine engineering
/naval technology and are one of those who want to study further after securing a degree in
merchant navy.
Post Graduation Courses
MSc marine engineering
Post Graduate Diploma in Marine Engineering
MSc Coastal and Marine Engineering and Management
MSc Marine Studies and Costal Resource Management and Higher National Diploma in Marine Engineering
Naval Architecture and marine sciences
Naval Architecture and ocean engineering
Marine drafting
Ocean engineering
Naval Architecture and Ship building
Coastal engineering and management
Masters in Shipping and Transport
Marine Transport design
MSc Technical management of ship operation
MSc Subsea engineering
MSc in Offshore Floating Systems
MSc Marine and Offshore Power Systems
Offshore and Environmental Technology
Pipeline engineering
Subsea Engineering and Management
Sustainable energy technologies (marine)
Submarine design and technology
Maritime operations and management
PG Diploma in International transportation and Logistics
Port Management
MSc Remote Operated Vehicle (ROV) System and Design
Ship and offshore Structure
MSc Marine Sciences
MSc Marine Zoology
MSc (Marine Sc.) specialization in Marine biology, Marine geology, Marine geophysics, Chemical oceanography, Physical
Oceanography, M.Sc. (Meteorology & Oceanography)
MSc Marine geology
MSc Ocean Life Sciences
MSc in Marine bio. Oceanography
MSc in marine biology
Maritime Law
Marine Scientist Courses, Training, Programs

A Marine Scientist is required to have relevant research; training and practical abilities
in order to get justify the job.

For example, other than the educational qualifications, one should also be a good
swimmer, should know how to handle a boat, should know about the seismic technology etc.
 Marine Biologist Courses, training, programs

Marine biology covers a variety of sciences like biology, zoology,

physics, chemistry, math, and statistics to name a few. Applying for
internships should help an aspiring marine biologist to have a hands-on
experience of a marine biologist’s life. Aside from academics a marine
biologist must be able to acquire special skills to survive this challenging
career. One must learn how to handle a boat, swim, dive and other
skills relevant for the job.
Aquatic Scientist Courses, training, programs

An aquatic scientist student will be trained through research. A student may find
himself in the laboratory but there are practical activities and field work also. One is introduced
to organic and inorganic chemistry, geothermal and geological processes, limnology,
oceanography and the environment. An individual is also privileged to do internships.
Structural engineering

structural engineering involves working with structures and buildings.

A structural engineer researches, designs, plans and inspects structural systems, putting into
consideration factors such as economic, environmental, social, and aesthetic and safety
factors. If you are aspiring to become a structural engineer, you will need to pursue a
program in structural engineering or study the structural engineering field within civil
engineering.
 MARINE industrial OPPERTUNITIES

Diploma
GRADUATE :
Diploma in marine Engineering MARINE ENGINEERING
Diploma in mechanical Engineering
Diploma in Electrical and Electronics Engineering MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
MECHANT SHIPPING

SAILING OFFSHORE NON-SAILING

DECK ENGINE OIL RIGS RESEARCH VESSELS SHIP BUILDING AND SHIP REPAIRING

SURVEYOR PRODUCTION CONTROL

AND OPERATIONS
( DESIGN & PLANNING,
NEED MINIMUM SAFETY COURSES: COMMERCIAL)
“ 5” YEARS
EXPERIENCE IN THE
SAFETY INSPECTOR/ SAFETY OFFICER
RELEVENT INDUSTRY
WITH “OPERATIONS FIRE AND SAFETY COURSES: QUALITY COURSES: ( Q.A/Q.C)
AND MANAGEMENT
LEVEL CERTIFIED”
FIRE MAN (OR) FIRE AND SAFETY INSPECTOR QUALITY INSPECTOR
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