Calibration and Use of

Pressure and Temperature

Instruments
Objectives
Definition of Calibration, Pressure
and Temperature
Different Types and Uses of Pressure
and Temperature Instruments
Calibration of Pressure and
Temperature Instruments
Definition of Calibration,
Pressure and Temperature

Calibration - is the process of

configuring an instrument to
provide a result for a sample within
an acceptable range.
Definition of Calibration,
Pressure and Temperature
Pressure (P) - is the amount of force
applied perpendicular to the surface of
an object per unit area. The SI unit of
pressure is Pascal (Pa) and for the English
system we use pound-force per square
inch (psi)
Definition of Calibration,
Pressure and Temperature

 Temperature - is a measure of the average

kinetic energy of the particles in a system.
Temperature is the degree of "hotness" ( or
"coldness") - a measure of the heat intensity.
Different Types and Uses of
Pressure and Temperature
Instruments
Pressure Transmitter - is a
transducer that converts pressure
into an analog electrical signal.
Different Types and Uses of
Pressure and Temperature
Instruments
Pressure Gauges
1. Hydrostatic Gauges - compare pressure to
the hydrostatic force per unit area at the base of a
column of fluid.
Example: Manometer
Different Types and Uses of
Pressure and Temperature
Instruments
Pressure Gauges
2. Aneroid - gauges are based on a
metallic pressure-sensing element that flexes
elastically under the effect of a pressure
difference across the element.

Example: Bordon Gauge

Different Types and Uses of
Pressure and Temperature
Instruments
Thermometer - is a device that
measures temperature or a
temperature gradient.
Example: Bimetallic Thermometer
Different Types and Uses of
Pressure and Temperature
Instruments
Thermocouples - is an electrical
device consisting of two dissimilar
electrical conductors forming
electrical junctions at differing
temperatures.
Different Types and Uses of
Pressure and Temperature
Instruments
Thermistors - is a type of resistor
whose resistance is dependent on
temperature, more so than in
standard resistors.
Calibration of Pressure and
Temperature Instruments

Calibration of Pressure Gauge

 STEP 1: Before applying any pressure to the
gauge, set the pointer to read zero on the scale.

 STEP 2: Apply the full range pressure to the

gauge. Adjust the linkage so that the pointer is at
the maximum reading on the scale.

 STEP 3: Reduce the pressure to zero and check

that the pointer reads zero on the scale. Adjust
the pointer if necessary.
Calibration of Pressure and
Temperature Instruments

 STEP 4: Repeats steps (2) and (3) until both

reading are correct.
 STEP 5: If the pressure gauge has a linearizing
adjustment, set the applied pressure to 50% of
the maximum scale reading. Adjusting the
linearizing adjustments so that the pointer reads
at 50% of the maximum scale reading.
 STEP 6: Check the pressure gauge reads correctly
at 0, 50% and maximum scale reading. You may
need to adjust the gauge many times before the
gauge is correct. You must be patient and
careful.
Calibration of Pressure and
Temperature Instruments

 STEP 7: When step (6) is completed, write down

the reading on the gauge for the applied
pressure readings on a calibration sheet.

 STEP 8: (Optional). Draw a graph of the gauge

readings and the applied pressure (increased
and decreasing). This is important if you are
doing a bench calibration and intend to
generate a calibration certificate after the
calibration exercise. In a plant environment, a
simple calibration is just enough.
Calibration of Pressure and
Temperature Instruments

Calibration of Thermometer
Method 1: Ice Water

 STEP 1: Fill a glass with ice cubes, then top off with
cold water.

 STEP 2: Stir the water and let sit for 3 minutes.

 STEP 4: Stir again, then insert your thermometer into

the glass, making sure not to touch the sides.

 STEP 5: The temperature should read 32°F (0°C).

Record the difference and offset your thermometer
as appropriate.
Calibration of Pressure and
Temperature Instruments

Calibration of Thermometer
Method 2: Boiling Water

 STEP 1: Boil a pot of distilled water.

 STEP 2: Once the water has reached a rolling

boil, insert your thermometer, making sure not to
touch the sides or bottom of the pot

 STEP 3: The temperature should read 212°F

(100°C). Record the difference and offset your
thermometer as appropriate.
Thank You