AE 315

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HYDRAULIC
SYSTEMS
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SYSTEMS COMMONLY OPERATED
BY HYDRAULICS

 LANDING GEAR
 LEADING EDGE DEVICES
 FLAPS
 SPEEDBRAKES
 WHEEL BRAKES
 FLIGHT CONTROL SURFACES
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HYDRAULIC FLUID
FACTORS TO CONSIDER IN SELECTING THE LIQUID
 Viscosity – Internal resistance to flow
 Chemical Stability – resistance to oxidation and deterioration for
long periods
 Flash point – the temperature at which a liquid gives off vapor in
sufficient quantity to ignite momentarily or flash when a flame is
applied
 Fire point – the temperature at which a substance gives off
vapor in sufficient quantity to ignite and continue to burn when
exposed to a spark or flame
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PHOSPATE ESTER BASE FLUIDS
CURRENTLY USED IN MANY LARGE AIRCRAFT IS
1. SKYDROL 500B
-a clear purple liquid having good low temperatureoperating characteristics
-low corrosive side effects
2. SKYDROL LD
-clear purple low weight fluid formulated for use in large transport aircraft
 Both are non petroleum based fluids and non combustible
 Burning happens at the heat source
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INTERMIXING OF FLUIDS

 Hydraulic fluids DON’T mix due to the difference in composition

 Seals are specific
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HEALTH AND HANDLING

 Fluids have LOW toxicity when applied to skin in liquid form

 But will cause pain on eye tissue
 In mist or fog form, the fluid is irritating to the respiratory system
 Silicon ointments, rubber gloves, and careful washing
procedures should be utilized to avoid solvent event on skin
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BASIC
HYDRAULIC
SYSTEM
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COMPONENTS OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

 Filters
 Power Driven Pumps
 Pressure Relief Valve
 Accumulator
 Actuating Cylinder
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FILTERS

 A screening or straining device used to clean

the hydraulic fluid
 Inline type is commonly used
 Element could be:
-micronic
-porous metal
magnetic type
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POWER DRIVEN PUMPS
 Can be VARIABLE or CONSTANT entry
 In CONSTANT entry, pump output is changed automatically by a
pump compensator
 Hydraulic pumping mechanisms are as follows:
-Gears, gerotors, vanes and pistons
 Hydraulic pumps can be
-Electronic driven, engine driven, air turbine, ram air
turbine, and power transfer unit driven
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PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE

 Unit used to limit the pressure being exerted on a confined liquid

 Prevents excessive pressure to avoid hydraulic line rupture
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ACCUMULATOR

 Steel sphere divided into two chambers by a synthetic rubber

diaphragm
 Used to dampen pressure surges, to supplement the power
pump, and store power when pump is not operating
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ACTUATING CYLINDERS

 Transform energy in the form of fluid pressure into mechanical

force or action to perform work
 Can be single action or double action type