CELLS, TISSUES,

GLANDS &
Prepared by: MEMBRANES
Mr. Jomer V. Manalang, RN,MAN
WHAT IS A CELL?
• The word “cell” came from a Latin word CELLA,
meaning "small room” .
• Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things.
• The human body is composed of trillions of cells.
• They provide structure for the body, take in
nutrients from food, convert those nutrients into
energy, and carry out specialized functions.
• Cells also contain the body’s hereditary material
and can make copies of themselves.
• Cell is the basic structural, functional, and biological
unit of all known living organisms.
• A cell is the smallest unit of life.
• Cells are often called the "building blocks of life".
• The study of cells is called cell biology.
• While the number of cells in plants and animals
varies from species to species.
• Cells were discovered by ROBERT HOOKE in 1665,
who named them for their resemblance to cells
inhabited by Christian monks in a monastery.
• Two types of Cells:
• 1. EUKARYOTIC, which contain a nucleus
– EUKARYOTES can be either single-celled or
multicellular
• 2. PROKARYOTIC, which do not.
– PROKARYOTES are single-celled organisms

• Organisms can be classified as UNICELLULAR, consisting

of a single cell (including bacteria) or MULTICELLULAR
(including plants and animals) consisting of more than
one cells.
• Humans are multicellular organisms with
various different types of cells that work
together to sustain life.
• Other non-cellular components in the
body include water, macronutrients
(carbohydrates, proteins, lipids),
micronutrients (vitamins, minerals) and
electrolytes.
 CELLS, TISSUES, ORGANS?
• CELL is the building blocks of all
living things.
• A collection of CELLS that function
together to perform the same
activity is known as TISSUE.
• Masses of tissue work collectively to
form an ORGAN that performs
specific functions in the body.
ANATOMY OF A HUMAN CELL
ANATOMY OF PLANT CELL
TISSUES
 BODY TISSUES
• TISSUE is a cellular organizational level between cells
and a complete organ.
• A tissue is an ensemble of similar cells and their
extracellular matrix from the same origin that together
carry out a specific function.
• Organs are then formed by the functional grouping
together of multiple tissues.
• The English word is derived from the French TISSU,
meaning something that is woven, from the verb
TISSER, "to weave".
• The study of human and animal tissues is known as
histology.
• Animal tissues are grouped into four basic types:
CONNECTIVE, MUSCLE, NERVOUS, AND EPITHELIAL.