WHAT IS A BUSINESS PLAN

A Business Plan is a written

document that serves as a blueprint
and guide for a proposed business
project that one intends to
undertake
PURPOSES
• To allow the
entrepreneur to view
and evaluate the
proposed business
venture in an
objective, critical and
practical manner
• To analyse and
evaluate the viability
of a proposed venture
PURPOSES
• To convince relevant
parties of the
investment potential
of the project
• As a guideline for
managing the business
• To allocate business
resources effectively
WHO NEEDS A BUSINESS PLAN

THE ENTREPRENEUR
WHO NEEDS A BUSINESS PLAN

INVESTORS
WHO NEEDS A BUSINESS PLAN

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
WHO NEEDS A BUSINESS PLAN

SUPPLIERS
WHO NEEDS A BUSINESS PLAN

CUSTOMERS
WHO NEEDS A BUSINESS PLAN

COMPANY STAFF
 BUSINESS PLAN FORMAT
• COVER LETTER
• COVER PAGE
• TABLE OF CONTENTS
• EXECUTIVE
SUMMARY
• MAIN BODY OF THE
BUSINESS PLAN
• APPENDICES
 BUSINESS PLAN FORMAT
• COVER LETTER
• Enclosed
• Intention for
submission
• Relevant recipient
• Willingness to furnish
additional materials
 BUSINESS PLAN FORMAT
• COVER PAGE
• Title of the BP
• Name of the Business
• Business Address
• Name of the writer/s
• Date of submission
 BUSINESS PLAN FORMAT
• TABLES OF
CONTENTS- to
facilitate the reader
• List the main headings
• Tables
• Schedule
• Appendices
 BUSINESS PLAN FORMAT
• EXECUTIVE
SUMMARY
• Interesting to the reader
• Highlight important
components such as
product to be offered,
market potential, project
management, project cost
and expected returns.
 BUSINESS PLAN FORMAT
• MAIN BODY OF
THE BUSINESS
PLAN
• Central & vital part
• Essential information
• Administrative,
marketing, operation
& financial plans
 BUSINESS PLAN FORMAT
• APPENDICES
• Supporting documents
• Eg. Suppliers’
quotation, agreement
letter, letter of
references, research
findings
 MAIN BODY OF THE
BUSINESS PLAN
• INTRODUCTION • ADMINISTRATIVE
• PURPOSE PLAN
• BUSINESS/COMPA • MARKETING
NY BACKGROUND PLAN
• OWNER/PARTNER • OPERATIONS
S/SHAREHOLDERS PLAN
BACKGROUND
• LOCATION OF • FINANCIAL PLAN
THE PREMISES • CONCLUSION
 MAIN BODY OF THE
BUSINESS PLAN
• 1.INTRODUCTION factors in selecting
name of the company the proposed
nature of business business
industry profile future prospects of
the business
location of the
business
date of
commencement
 MAIN BODY OF THE
BUSINESS PLAN
• 2.PURPOSE This business plan is
stated concisely prepared by LMK
Eg This business Sdn. Bhd. as a
plan is prepared by guideline for
LMK Sdn. Bhd. For managing the
the purpose of proposed venture
obtaining working
capital loan from
BPIMB for the
amount of RM50,000
MAIN BODY OF THE
BUSINESS PLAN
3.BUSINESS/COMPANY BACKGROUND
a. Name of the company
b. Business Address
c. Correspondence Address
d. Telephone Number
e. Form of Business
f. Main Activities
g. Date of Commencement
h. Date of Registration
i. Registration Number
j. Name of Bank
k. Bank Account Number
 MAIN BODY OF THE BUSINESS PLAN
4.OWNER/PARTNERS/SHAREHOLDERS
BACKGROUND
a. Name of the owner/partners/shareholders
b. Identity card number
c. Permanent Address
d. Correspondence address
e. Telephone Number
f. Date of Birth
g. Age
h. Marital Status
i. Academic qualifications
j. Courses attended
k. Skills
l. Experience
m. Present occupation
n. Previous business experience
 MAIN BODY OF THE BUSINESS PLAN
5.LOCATION OF THE BUSINESS

Physical location of the project ( eg. Whether it is located adjacent

to the main roads and other designated premises

Building (eg. Type, structure, condition, size and cost

of the building)

Basic amenities (ie. Water, electricity, telephone lines)

 MAIN BODY OF THE BUSINESS PLAN
6. ADMINISTRATION PLAN

a. Introduction to the organization

mission & objectives
b. Organisation chart

c. Manpower Planning
Position Number of Staff
Managing Director 1
Administrative Clerk 1
 MAIN BODY OF THE BUSINESS PLAN
6. ADMINISTRATION PLAN

d. Schedule of tasks & responsibilities

Position Main tasks

Managing Director To plan, implement and control the overall

management of the business
Administrative Clerk To assist managing director

e. Schedule of remuneration
Position No Monthly Salary(RM) EPF (13%) Socso(2%) Amount(RM)

M.Director 1 4,000 520 80 4600

Adm. Clerk 1 700 91 14 805
 MAIN BODY OF THE BUSINESS PLAN
6. ADMINISTRATION PLAN

f. List of Office Equipment

Item Quantity Price/unit (RM) Total Cost (RM)

Office furniture 2 sets 1,000 2,000

Renovation 5,000

g. Administration Budget
Items Fixed Assets Monthly Other Expenses
(RM) Expenses (RM) (RM)
Furniture & 2,000
Fittings
Salaries/EPF/ 5,405
Socso
Deposit-Rental 8,000
 MAIN BODY OF THE BUSINESS PLAN
7. MARKETING PLAN

a. Product or service description

b. Target Market
c. Market Size
eg 33,000 students x 70% x RM300/mth = RM6,930,000/mth
d. Competitors
same target market-strengths & weaknesses
e. Market Share
% of market size = 1% of RM6,930,000= RM69,300
f. Sales forecast- customer’s awareness, seasonal, bus.
characteristis
Year Month Sales Forecast(RM)
1 Jan-Dec 69,300
2 900,00
3 1,000,000
 MAIN BODY OF THE BUSINESS PLAN
7. MARKETING PLAN

g. Marketing Strategy
Product, Price, Place, Promotion
h. Marketing Budget

Item Fixed Assets Monthly Other Expenses

Expenses(RM) Expenses (RM) (RM)
Van 40,000

Promotion-Banner 600

Insurance & Road Tax 1,000

 MAIN BODY OF THE BUSINESS PLAN
8. Operations Plan

a. Process Flow Chart

Order from customer

Inspection of items

Deliver to customer
• Production Schedule
units of product or hours of service
 MAIN BODY OF THE BUSINESS PLAN
8. Operations Plan

c. Material Requirements
Item Quantity Safety Price per Total Supplier
Required Stock Unit(RM) Purchase
(RM)
Flour 100kg 20kg 2.00 240 AZ
Trading

d. Manpower Requirements Planning

Position No Job Status Salary EPF Socso Total
(RM) (13%) (2%) (RM)
Chef 1 Permanent 1,000 130 20 1,150
 MAIN BODY OF THE BUSINESS PLAN
8. Operations Plan

e. Machine and Equipment

Item Price per Quantity Total Supplier
unit(RM)

Oven 1,200 2 2,400 Singer

f.Operation Layout
 MAIN BODY OF THE BUSINESS PLAN
8. Operations Plan

g. Location
h. Operations Overheads
water, electricity, telephone, factory rental
i. Operations Budget
Item Fixed Asset Monthly Other Expenses
Expenses(RM) Expenses(RM) (RM)
Machines 2,400

Salary 1,150

Materials 800

Utilities 400
 9.Financial Plan
• PROJECT
IMPLEMENTATION COST
• SOURCES OF FUNDS
• FIXED ASSETS
DEPRECIATION TABLES
• LOAN AMORTISATION
SCHEDULE
• HIRE PURCHASE
REPAYMENT SCHEDULE
• CASHFLOW PROFORMA
• PROFIT & LOSS PROFORMA
• BALANCE SHEET
PROFORMA
10.CONCLUSION/SUMMARY
• JUSTICATION OF THE
MAIN PURPOSE OF
THE BUSINESS PLAN
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
COST
• FIXED ASSET
• MONTHLY EXPENSES
• OTHER EXPENSES
• CONTINGENCIES
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
COST
• FIXED ASSET
• MONTHLY EXPENSES
• OTHER EXPENSES
• CONTINGENCIES
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
COST
• FIXED ASSET
Vehicle
Furniture & fittings
Machineries &
Equipment
Building
Land
Renovation
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
COST
• Monthly Expenses
Admin. Plan
Salary
Rent
Utilities
Marketing Plan

Promotion
Operation Plan
Materials
Factory Rental
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
COST
• Other Expenses
Admin. Plan
Business Registration
Licence
Deposit Utilities & Rental
Marketing Plan
Road Tax & Insurance

Operation Plan
Deposit Factory Rental
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
COST
• Contingencies
2- 20% of the total fixed assets, monthly expenses & other expenses.
Depend on the business
Unexpected cost – eg. Materials pricing
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
COST
• CAPITAL EXPENDITURES/FIXED
COST
• MONTHLY EXPENSES
• OTHER EXPENSES
• CONTINGENCIES
• =TOTAL COST TO IMPLEMENT A
BUSINESS/PROJECT
 SOURCES OF FUND
• OWN CAPITAL
(Cash or asset)
• Loan
• Hire Purchase/Leasing
• Other
( Government Scheme)
= TOTAL SOURCES OF FUND
* The total project implementation cost must equal to the
total of sources of fund
 PROJECTED CASH FLOW
• CASH INFLOWS
• CASH OUTFLOWS
• SURPLUS/DEFICIT
• ENDING BALANCE
 PROJECTED CASH FLOW
• CASH INFLOWS
• Capital ( Cash )
• Loan
• Sales ( Cash )
• Receivables
• Sales of asset
 PROJECTED CASH FLOW
• CASH OUTFLOWS
• Administrative Expenses
• Marketing Expenses
• Operation Expenses
• Other Expenses
• Financial Expenses
 PROJECTED CASH FLOW
• SURPLUS
Cash Inflows> Cash Outflows
• DEFICIT
Cash Outflows> Cash Inflows
• ENDING BALANCE
The ending balance from the previous
month is the beginning balance for the
consecutive month
 FINANCIAL TABLES
• Loan Amortization Table
• Hire Purchase Repayment Schedule
• Depreciation Tables ( for all fixed assets)
 PROJECTED INCOME
STATEMENT
• SALES
• COST OF GOODS SOLD/ COST OF GOODS
MANUFACTURED
• GROSS PROFIT
• OPERATING EXPENSES
(administrative, marketing, operation,
depreciation, interest)
• NET PROFIT BEFORE TAX (for SDN BHD)
• TAX
• NET PROFIT AFTER TAX
 BALANCE SHEET
• CAPITAL EXPENDITURES/FIXED ASSET
• CURRENT ASSET
• ( Cash, Debtor, Closing Stock,Deposit)
• EQUITY
• (Capital, Net Profit)
• LIABILITIES
( Loan, Creditors, Tax)
TOTAL ASSETS= TOTAL EQUITY &
LIABILITIES