DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

KLES’ DR. M S SHESHGIRI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHLOLOGY BELAGAVI 590008

Earthquake Response of Mid Storey Isolated Structure

PRESENTATION BY : GUIDED BY :
Mohmmed Ismail R Garag Dr. M. Manjunath
IInd SEM
MTech(STRUCTURES)

9/6/2018 1
 Contents
 Introduction.
 Types of Seismic Isolation.
 Concept of Mid Storey Seismic Isolation.
 Factors Influencing Mid Storey Isolated Structures.
 Earthquake Response of Mid Storey Isolated
Structure.
 Conclusions.
 References.

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 Introduction
 Investigations of past and recent earthquake damage have
illustrated that the building structures are vulnerable to severe
damage and/or collapse during moderate to strong ground motion.
 An earthquake with a magnitude of six is capable of causing severe
damages of engineered buildings, bridges, industrial and port
facilities as well as giving rise to great economic losses.
 In order to minimize the damage caused by earthquake, seismic
isolation technologies have been implemented.
 As a result, seismic isolation technologies have been increasingly
applied to seismic strengthening and seismic retrofitting of existing
buildings as well as for proposed buildings.

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 Contd..

 In earlier days, the isolation layer was installed under foundations,

which is named the foundation isolation or base isolation.
 Due to its limitation of functions and configurations, many
buildings were not suitable for use of the foundation isolation.
 This is especially true in the case of strengthening of existing
buildings, since it is often very difficult, sometimes impossible, to
install the isolation layers under the foundations of the existing
buildings.
 Hence, for existing building, the isolation layers are required to be
installed in mid-stories of the building.

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 Types of Seismic Isolation
Isolation of a structure is required when it is subjected to
earthquake having large ground motion. The isolated structure is
classified depending upon the position of isolation provided in the
structure. Basically they are classified in two as:

 Base-isolated structures : Structure with seismic Isolation

Provided at the base of structure above the foundation.
 Middle-story isolated structures : Structure with Seismic Isolation
provided at required storey along the height of the structure.

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 Fig: Types of Isolated Structures

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 Concept of Mid Storey Seismic
Isolation

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 The isolation layer is located between 4th and 5th floors .
 Due to this there is great difference between the stiffness and
damping of isolation layer and those of superstructure and
substructure.
 Therefore there exist different responses above and below isolation
layer .
 The isolation layer may consist of only LRB or viscous dampers or
sometimes both.
 The horizontal force at the isolation layer is formed by the
isolation devices like LRB, Friction Slipping Bearing, etc.
 General Equation of motion,

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 Factors Influencing Mid Storey Isolated Structures

1. Control Target of mid-storey isolated structure:

2. Influence of frequency ratio α on mid-storey isolated

structure:

3. Influence of damping ratio ξu of isolation layer.

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 Earthquake response of Mid Storey Isolated
Structure
 A 9 storey model was prepared. Seismic isolation was provided at
the 4th storey.
 The substructure was used for office purpose, the superstructure
used for residential and the isolation layer as the transitional storey.
 Substructure was constructed using normal concrete where as the
superstructure was constructed using light weight aggregate
concrete.
 For strengthening of the building Laminated natural Rubber
Bearing and Viscous Dampers were installed at the isolation layer.
 The Model was analyzed for the El-Centro, Taft, Hachinohe, Hachi,
Kanto , Kobe, Yokorock and Randome waves.

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Contd..

 Graphs were prepared and comparative study of acceleration

response, story shear force and the story displacement was done.
 The response of the structure was divided into response of
substructure, superstructure and the isolation layer.

Maximum Story Displacement

 Displacement of structure under isolation layer was very small
which increased by 22.5mm.
 The structure above isolation layer behaved almost as a rigid body.
 The displacement of building was concentrated at isolation layer
which was well below the allowable displacement.
 Thus displacement pattern of the building was altered by
installation of Mid-Storey isolation and hence improve its
earthquake resistance.

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Contd..

Fig: Max Story Displacement Fig: Max Acceleration Response Fig: Max Story Shear Force

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Contd..

Maximum Acceleration Response

 The acceleration of the substructure will be greater as compared to
the isolation layer and the superstructure.
 The transitional storey absorbs the seismic energy and hence
reduces the acceleration of the structure but its is greater than those
of the superstructure.
 Hence Installation of Mid-Storey Isolation has greatly reduced the
acceleration response of the structure.
Maximum Storey Shear Force
 The thick solid line represents the structural bearing capacity.
 From the graph it is clear that the earthquake forces have been
greatly reduced.

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Contd..

 The shear force in the superstructure is well within the earthquake

resistant and hence does not require any strengthening of the
members.
 But the substructure requires strengthening of the members as the
shear force is exceeding the shear capacity of the structure.

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 Conclusions
 For building with structural weak floor at mid storey and with
different structural types , its seismic performance can be
improved by installation of Mid storey seismic isolation.
 The mechanical properties of superstructure is similar to that of the
foundation isolated structure and its seismic isolation is achieved in
similar way.
 As the demand of seismic isolation and strengthening will increase
mid storey isolation technique will be applied to more and more
structures.
 In the design of mid storey isolation, response of the structure is
affected by the characteristic frequency mode according to the
vibration features of superstructure and substructure.

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 Contd..

 When location of isolation layer is lower two design targets are

achieved and hence full isolation is reached.
 When isolation layer is at higher level, design target can be
achieved partially and hence partial isolation is reached.
 When Isolation is set near to half the height of structure, base shear
is obviously reduced and isolation effect is there.
 When Isolation is above the mid height of structure, isolation
effect is less and smaller reduction in base shear is observed.
 Overall the earthquake response of structure is reduced by
installation of mid storey seismic isolation.

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 References
1. Masatoshi Tamari and, “Structural Design and Performance
Evaluation of a Mid-Storey Seismic Isolated High Rise
Building”, International Journal of High Rise Buildings,
(IJHRB ISSN , Volume 6 (Semptember 2017).
2. Sheliang Wang and et.al, “Theoretical and Experimental
Investigation On Mid-Storey Seismic Isolation Structures”,
World Conference on Earthquake Engineering (WCEE) -
2008.
3. Shingo Torii and et.al, “The Application Of Response Control
Design Using Middle Storey Isolation System To High Rise
Building”, World Conference on Earthquake Engineering
(WCEE) -2004.

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 Contd..
4. Ming Hu and et.al, “Earthquake Response Analysis Of A
Mid-Storey Seismic Isolated Building”, World
Conference on Earthquake Engineering (WCEE) -2004.
5. Jiangdong Z and et.al, “Mid-Storey Seismic Isolation For
Strengthening Of A Multi-Storey Building”, World
Conference on Earthquake Engineering (WCEE) -2004.
6. H Ozaki and et.al, “Design And Analysis Of A Building
With The Middle Storey Isolation Structural System”,
World Conference on Earthquake Engineering (WCEE) -
2000.
 Thank You

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