Professional Documents
Culture Documents
w
THE LAND
Rich soil.
Tea gardens
Tsubo gardens
Edo stroll gardens
§ARDENS OF HEIAN
6ERIOD
No professional class of gardeners.
Theory was used in the gardens to create harmonic state within the
gardens.
Basic characteristics
gardens were called as pond touring gardens.
No use of the symmetry.
Variety of flowering shrubs,flowers,grasses and
animal life.
Tufts of grasses and flowers.
Water used extensively.
Large irregular pond surrounding half of the garden.
Bridges.
Boats carved with of the images of the dragon.
Deciduous and perennial plants.
6lan of the heian period city
Sliding door
§arden
(Daisen-in,Daitoku-ji,kyoto)
Tofuju-ji temple, Kyoto
Daitokuji temple, Kyoto, kansai
Sub temple korin-in
Striking combination obtained
By using lights, leaves and
pebbles
Well
Laver
Dust pit
Middle gate
Toilet
Waiting bench
Outer gate
Characteristics:
Designed to be as naturalistic as possible.
Atmosphere there should be as quite as that of the
deep mountains.
Mix of evergreen trees and shrubs with only a few
deciduous plants.
Shunned perennial or annual flowers.
Rare use of flowering trees or shrubs.
§round generally carpeted with moss.
Extensive use of stepping stone and stone lanterns.
Lanterns used were made of old and weathered stone.
Also used old, discarded objects.
Tokonama, chigai-dana were used for the purpose of
art of displacing.
Decorative wall and coffered ceiling.
Square post and beam made of simple tree trunk.
Ceiling made of plain slates of the wood.
6hotoes
6hotoes
TSUBO §ARDENS
Started in early Edo period.
Tiny gardens that are enclosed within the town houses of the urban
merchant.
Rear garden,senzai
§uest room,zashiki
Display alcove
Display shelves
Sitting room,
§arden
Shop
Bath,furo
Toilets,benjo
Service kitchen
Small courtyards were enclosed within the various
wings.
6roper zoning of the spaces according to the use
was done.
Only enjoyed by sitting in the nearby room.
Tiny spaces left for light and ventilation.
Highly influenced by tea gardens.
Had lanterns, water lavers, stepping stone small
bridges.
Lush green plants and shrubs used.
Camellias used as flowering plants.
6rivate residence, Kyoto
Tawaraya in ,Kyoto
Kawamichiya inn
6rivate residence,kyoto
Toriiwaro inn,Kyoto
Shigemori residence
Courtyard garden(tsubo nawa)
Stroll garden
Started at the time of Edo period.
Min 50,000 square meters.
Reasons of designing stroll gardens:
1.Leisured life of nobles.
2.Intrest in travel
3.§eneral stability of the era.
Characteristics:
Meant for walking around.
Mountains play integral part.
Based on some theme found in the nature.
Contains all major elements of Japanese garden.
Have mountains, valley, field and ocean scenes.
Koishikawa, Tokyo
Hangzhou, china
Kastura detached
palace, Kyoto
Hammond museum
Elements of
Japanese garden
ROCKS
The Japanese have always attached great importance to the
use of rocks in their gardens.
The unchanging nature of rock suggests a presence beyond
the ephemeral quality of the world.
Its presence in the garden provokes a powerful association
with the wild and massive aspects of nature.
The most favored rocks are old and weathered, ideally with
growths of lichen or moss.
The Japanese preferred subdued colors.
The choice of rocks will also depend on the theme of the
garden.
Different types of rocks used in Japanese
gardens
Water:
Water portrayed through sand gravel and small rocks.
Often used allegorically.
Represent coolness, smell,sound,birth,growth and death.
s
Shosei-en
Lantern:
Used as sculptured ornaments.
Used in tea gardens for lighting path.
Used as focal point.
Stone used for the lantern should be well weathered .
Not monolithic, made of two stone.
Water basin:
Curved paths will take the eye only as far as it can be seen before it
bends; as the path curves a new vista is revealed.
Fish can be colorful addition to a pond, and they are useful where a lot
of movement and interest are desired.
6rovides privacy.
It makes the garden into a private space with the potential for an
atmosphere of quiet and clam.
Shoden-ji,kyoto`
Murin-in
VIEW6OINT
The waterfall relates to the hills, rocks grouped to guide the water
over the fall and the way fall is broken at the bottom, are the ways
they created balance in the compositions
.