GRAVITASI DAN

MAGNET BUMI
(MAG 4129)
Cholisina Anik Perwita
Introduction
▪ Gravity prospecting involves measurements of variations in gravitational field of
the earth

▪ Purpose : locate local masses of greater or lesser density than surrounding

formation and learn something about them from irregularities in the earth field

▪ Gravity prospecting ??
▪ Oil exploration
▪ Mineral exploration
▪ Engineering
▪ Archeological studies, etc…
Potential Field
▪ Gravity and Magnetic technique often are grouped together as the potential
method.
▪ Potential fields are those in which the strength and direction of the field depend
on the position of observation within the field (strength of potential field decrease
with distance from the source
▪ Gravity Field in symmetric ▪ Magnitude and direction of magnetic
field may varies by factor from
▪ Gravity is an inherent property of mass
equator to pole
▪ Time variation of magnetic field
▪ Magnetic state of mater depend on
relatively constant
other factor (such as inducing field,
▪ Correction in gravity method more orientation magnetic domain, etc)
complicated and more important than
other metho ▪ Time variation of magnetic field is
complex
▪ Field operation more expensive and
slower than magnetic field
HISTORY OF GRAVITATION EXPLORATION
▪ Galileo-Galilei (1958)  determine how weight affect spenn in fallen object
▪ Sir Isaac Newton (1685)  discover universal law of gravitation
▪ Pierre Bouguer (1735)  discover basic gravitational relationships (such as
variation gravity with lant. and longt. , density of the earth, horizontal attraction
due to mountain
▪ F.A Vening Meinesz (1923)  using pendulum to demonstrate gravity variation
over the ocean (large gravity near Indonesian Trench)
▪ LaCoste (1939)  gravitymeter
 Basic Concept of Gravity
▪ Gravitation is attraction one body due to the mass of other body
▪ Newton’s Law of Gravitation :

with or
▪ Acceleration of due to the presence of can be found by dividing F by

Assume is mass of the earth, a become g (acceleration of gravity), by Galileo it’s found
that in the surface of the earth g equal to .

(1 called galileo or Gal)

▪ Mass and radius of the earth
determine of the gravitational
acceleration of object above the
earth’s surface
▪ The acceleration is the same
regardless of the mass object
▪ Object at earth surface have greater
acceleration than object in a some
distance
Variation of Earth Gravity
Continue to the next meeting!!