Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Optoelectronic Devices
Dr. Jing Bai
Assistant Professor
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What Did the Word “Opto-
Electronics” Mean?
Optoelectronics is the study and application of
electronic devices that interact with light
Electronics Optics
Optoelectronics
3
Examples of Optoelectronic Devices
4
Major Optoelectronic Devices
─ Direct Conversion Between Electrons and Photons
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs)
(display, lighting,···)
Laser diodes (LDs)
(data storage, telecommunication, ···)
Photodiodes (PDs)
(telecommunication, ··· )
Solar Cells
(energy conversion)
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Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs)
Semiconductor materials: Si, Ge, GaAs, InGaAs, AlGaAs, InP, SiGe, etc
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Operation Principle of LED
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Semiconductor Materials vs.
LED Color
General Brightness
Super Brightness
Ultra Brightness
9
Application of LEDs
Display
Solid-state lighting
Communication
12
Photo Diodes (PDs)
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PDs’ Detection Range and Materials
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Solar Energy Spectrum
Solar Cells
• Direct Conversion of Sunlight Electricity
• No Pollution
• No Release of Greenhouse-effect Gases
• No Waste or Heat Disposal Problems
• No Noise Pollution — very few or no
moving parts
• No transmission losses — on-Site
Installation
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Operation Principle of Solar Cells
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Residential and Commercial Applications
Challenges:
cost reduction via: a) economy of scales b) building integration and
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c) high efficiency cells
Trends in optoelectronic devices
Long wavelength, high power light sources or
photodetectors
Nanoscale devices
Low cost, easy fabricated materials
High opto-electronic conversion efficiency
Multi-wavelength sources
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Buckyball
Carbon Nanotubes (CNT)
Quantum Cascade Lasers MIR Light Emission
20.0
30.0
40.0
10.0
50.0
3.0
0.4
0.7
0.6
1.5
0.3
0.5
2.0
UV VIS NIR MIR (3~30 µm) (FIR)
Cascade effects
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QCL for gas detection
Quantum-Dot Solar Cells
Au grid bar
200 nm n+ GaAs
30 nm n GaInP
100 nm n GaAs
0.5 µm intrinsic Si: GaAs
region containing Si: GaAs
50 layers of Si: GaAs
quantum dot layers Si: GaAs
100 nm p GaAs
p+ GaAs substrate
Au contact
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Plasmonic Solar Cells