Second Language Learning

“Perspectives of second language

learning”
BY:
YENI SOBAHATUL MARHAMAH
YULIATIN
YULINDA PURBASARI
Definition of second language learning
Second Language learning defined as learning a
language, which is different from your native
language. The definition of second Language
learning is a learning of a second language once
the mother tongue or first language is
established. For imstace, a child who speak
Indonesia as the mother tongue starts learning
english when he/she starts going to school.
 Perspective of second language learning
There are Four spectives in Second Language Learning
1. Behaviorism perspective
Learning is viewed as a process of habit formation. It is about imitating, memorizing, and
reproducting the words.
2. Sociocultural perspective
Ellis (2000) argues that sociocultural theory is based on the assumption that learning emerges
not through interaction but in interaction. When learners get involved in doing certain tasks with
the help of another learner or the teacher, they internalize the way to carry out the same task by
themselves. Hence, social interaction is believed to facilitate or mediate the learning process.
Cont..
3. Chomsky perspective
Chomsky postulated that the mechanism of the language acquisition is derived from the innate
processes. Innate is something which is already there in mind since birth. The theory proposed
by Chomsky is proved by the children living in same linguistic community. Moreover, they are
not influenced by the external experiences which bring about the comparable grammar.
4. Cognitive process perspective
Cognition is a word that comes from the Latin term cognitĭo,-ōnis (knowledge) and Longman
Concise English Dictionary (1985) defines it as “the act or process of knowing that involves the
processing of information and includes perception, awareness and judgment”.Knowing is the
human potential of understanding a certain reality and of establishing relations through mental
processes and abilities whose individual product is knowledge. Humans have a cognitive system
that allows them to constantly process information while interacting with the environment. No
matter the activity they undertake, there will be a flow of information that could cause the
development of skills and attitudes and/or the building of knowledge schemes.
So in language learning Cognitive perspective are those actions that learners adopt in a
conscious (or potentially conscious), relatively controlled and intentional manner, to optimize it
and transference of knowledge and language skills.
Thank you