2018

Innovation Concepts
 Data : Qualitative and quantitative observations.

 Information : Data transformed into relevant and

purposeful way to enhance user understanding

 Knowledge: Information combined for interpretation

and reflection to assist the user in making decisions
that lead to innovation context.
 Knowledges
Information Support
Data Relevant For INNOVATION
Qualitative Research and
Purposeful development
Quantitative
Processes
 INNOVATION .

It turns out to be a process that

feeds from diversity and
multidisciplinary and requires
scientific, technological,
organizational, financial and
commercial activities.
 Myths and Realities
MYTHS
Innovative companies are innate for
improving.

Innovators are successful

Research and Development programs

are the key for innovation.

There ´s not innovation whitout

imagination.
R

REALITIES
The vast majority pray to heaven that
nothing changes and follow us as they
know

It is common that innovators rarely take

advantage of the economic benefit of its
Innovation
Innovation requires a culture that
encourages risk, reward success and
failure is not penalized to much.

In addition to the spontaneus creative

genius, actually innovation is a process
perfectly systematic
 INNOVATION TYPES
 RADICAL . Breaks with what is established, are
innovations that create new products or processes
can not be understood as an evolution of the
existing (ie . Steam machine , Microprocessor )

 These are situations in which the use of a new

scientific principle causes real break with previous
technologies
 INNOVATION TYPES
 INCREMENTAL . Changes aimed at increasing the
functionality of products, processes, services or
methods , in order to add value and maintain
market competitiveness .

 The accumulation of incremental innovations is a

permanent basis for progress, so the growth of
companies is partly due to the establishment of
long-term programs that encourage innovation
among its employees .
 INNOVATION TYPES
RADICAL New Product INCREMENTAL

New Method Adapting a product

New Market opening Introduction of new

components or
New Suppliers features of a product
or process

HIGH RISK.

Marketing strategy
adapted ..
MARKETS Innovation Risk

NEW

COURRENT

COURRENT NEW (Improved)

PRODUCTS
Reseach and Development Function acoording to the
VALUE Contribution.

Resources Evaluation
and Control
Value
Contributions
Companies &
Research & development Customers
Function

Qualitative and
Emphasis on Tools and Quantitative
techniques for Innovation Index
managment
CONCEPTO DE VALOR
Where:

V = Value

F = Functions
(from Process
or Product)

C = Cost
Innovation Managment Techniques
 Strategic Objectives:

1. Contibute with advantage to increase competitiveness of

company ( Values, efficiency, etc, )

2. Ensure Product success

3. Ensure rentability of bussiness at long and midle term.

4. Increase Know-how within company.

Innovation Managment Techniques
 Operational Objectives:

1. Systematize and Structure the design and product

development Process

2. Design Product acoording with customer needs (Customer

voice )

3. Desing product to value contribution for customer and

company (value proposition).

4. Reduce time to market.

 Some Innovation management
Techniques.
Oriented to the conception and design.

- Creativity Techniques (CT)

- Theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ)

- Virtual Reality (VR)

- Quality Function Deployement (QFD)

- Funtion Analysis System Tequnique (FAST)

- Value Analysis (VA)

 Some Innovation management
Techniques.
Oriented to Engineering and Development.

- Concurrent Engineering (CE)

- Computer aid Design (CAD/CAE)

- Design for Mounting and Assembly (DFMA)

- Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)

- Rapid Prototype (RP)

 Creativity Techniques
Following are some methods or Techniques Focussed on
promoving creativity for Processes or Products, in a
structured and sistematic way

More Common:

- Brainstorming
- Six question method
- Lateral Thinking
- Morphological Analysis
- Fresh eyes Technique
- Synectics
 Creativity Techniques
 (Brainstorming)

Definitión
It is a technique based on free and
informal exposure of all the ideas
around a theme or problem raised.
It helps to stimulate creativity.
 . Group size:
 Small ( 10-15 people ) . It can be done with large
groups, but lost effectiveness.

 Time:
 We must establish , we recommend 60-90 minutes (10
to motivate and put the Technique; 20-30 to generate
ideas, and the rest for evaluation ) .

 Profile of the recipients :

 For all.
 Space organization :
 Climate relaxed, comfortable and
preferably circular arrangement .

 Necessary resources:
 Board to write down ideas .
 MOTIVATOR ROLE

Objectives that must allow to reach

 Develop and exercise the creative imagination and the
search for solutions to problems.

 Promote autonomous , original and free behavior.

 Teaching participantea not make judgments until you

have generated a maximum of ideas, and positively
listen to others' ideas , avoiding the negative
comments that can frustrate the creative process.
 Technique Development
The application of this technique is done in three phases:

 1) Preparation and motivation for brainstorming by the

Motivator :

 - The problem being treated is presented.

The problems have to be real and previously known as the
aim is not to study and analyze problems but produce ideas
for their solution.

 - The objectives and rules of the technique are presented to

the group : they must give freely , for a certain time , all the
ideas and suggestions that come to mind without analyzing
if they are valid , correct, possible or appropriate , without
fear of ridicule .
 2) Development (production of ideas)

 - The group over a period of time between 20 and

30 minutes generates ideas freely.

 - The motivator makes coordinator role and

stimulates the production of ideas, and the
motivator himself or an assistant notes of ideas in
a visible list ; this serves as a reinforcement and
motivation for participation.
 3) Evaluation of ideas

 - They are drawn up and classify the emerging ideas.

Then set the criteria to select the best ideas and every
idea is assessed according to established criteria .

 Invalid ideas are reserved for future usage and , from a

short list of valid ideas, the group chooses the best
solution.

 4) Action Plan

 - The group sets the necessary steps to implement the

chosen solution
 advantages
 Variety of ideas is obtained in a short time .

 It stimulates creativity in participants.

 Unlocks a group to a particular topic.

 A greater number of alternative solutions for

a given problem is obtained .
 drawbacks
 You can promote dispersion , confusion and disorder.

 Advice. . .
 Do not treat problems of a single solution or many
problems at once

 It is used in areas of expertise such as marketing,

market research , human resources , total quality and
business organization , in those areas that need
creative solutions , not corseted
 Six Question Method
 I Ask " why" it is happening the problem and then ask
"why" four more times.

 Eg ...
 Why the machine stopped ? It burned fuse for overload

 Why was there an overload ? There was not enough

lubrication to the bearings

 Why it was not enough lubrication? The pump was not

pumping enough
 Why there was not pumping enough
lubricant ? The pump shaft was vibrating as
a result of abrasion

 Why was there abrasion? There was no filter

, allowing the passage of particles into the
pump

 The installation of a filter solved the

problem.
Six Universal Questions

 The idea generators should be aware of a simple universal

truth. There are only six questions that a human can
answer to another :

What?
Where?
When?
How?
Why?
Who?

 Drawing a mental map of an idea with these six basic

questions as nodes on the map, you will have an excellent
method to test it .
 Lateral Thinking
 The term lateral thinking (Pensamiento
lateral) was proposed by Edward De Bono to
represent all those alternative paths are not
used to take the time to find solutions to a
problem .

 According to De Bono most people tend to

focus on one way to solve a conflict just
because other avenues to address it are not
visible to the naked eye .
 Lateral thinking is a kind of creative and perceptive
thinking, as its name suggests, is one that allows us to
move sideways to look at the problem from a different
perspective and this is a mental skill acquired through
practice.

 The vertical or logical thinking is characterized by

analysis and reasoning while the lateral thinking is
free, associative and allows us to reach a solution from
another angle. Both thoughts are important . The
lateral encourages our ingenuity and creativity. The
vertical helps us develop our logic .
 GLASSES
 Grandma was having breakfast and carelessness
glasses fell off in the cup of coffee, but the glasses are
not even a little bit wet. How could that have not been
wet?

 THE SWITCH
 There are three switches outside a room that is locked.
Inside the room there are three lamps. You can switch
on and off many times as desired , as long as the
bedroom door remains closed . Then, you must enter
only once to the room to determine which switch
corresponds to each lamp
 THE DRIVERS LICENSE
 A young man rushed out to meet his friends left forgotten
the license. Once on the street he did not stop at the red
light and continued on a path in the opposite direction . All
this was observed by a traffic policeman who made no
attempt to stop them or to quote . Why? ...

 IN THE CONVENT
 A man came to visit the nuns when the mother superior
was traveling . The man left before the mother returned
and was careful to leave nothing to reveal that their stay
there. The nuns said nothing about the visit . So how
Mother Superior knew that a man had been in the convent
?
 ANSWER:
 Liquid coffee is not just about coffee. The glasses did not
get wet because they fell into a cup of coffee beans.

 ANSWER:
 Turn the first switch for one minute and then turn it off.
After the second turn and leave it on . Then , enter the
room and touch the 2 bulbs ( bulbs) which are off. The
bulb is warm is ignited by the first switch . The bulb is
turned on is the one connected to the second switch and
the other is the one connected to the third switch.

 ANSWER: The young man was driving , he was walking .

 ANSWER: The lid was raised service and dotted edge

o
 Other names : Morphological Box, Morphology , Box
of Ideas.

 Morphological analysis is an analytic - combinatorial

method created in 1969 by Fritz Zwicky , astronomer
at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech ) .

 Its aim is to solve problems by analyzing the

component parts .

 It is based on the idea that any object of our thinking is

made or integrated by a number of elements into
consideration that they have their own identity and
may be isolated . Therefore , part of a list of attributes
to generate new possibilities.
 The method has three distinct stages :

 1. Analysis
 2. The combination
 3. The morphological search

 The steps are:

 1. Choose the problem - solving , situation or object to

improve , etc.
 2. Analyze which attributes ( or elements, or parameters) it
up.
The attributes may relate to physical parts , processes,
functions, aesthetics , etc.
It is convenient to select the relevant attributes .
Michalko proposes the question " Without this attribute , the
problem would continue to exist ? " to determine whether it
is relevant or not.
 3. Analyze variants or alternatives for each attribute .

 4. Combine , making all possible combinations , each

time taking a variant of each attribute. The total
number of possible combinations is called "
morphological product" .

 Suppose that in step 2 we found three attributes: A, B

and C.
 Suppose that attribute A has 3 variants ( A1 , A2 and A3
) , also has 3 B ( B1 , B2 and B3 ) and has 2 C ( C1 and
C2 ) .
 Morphological product is the set of all
possible combinations = 3 x 3 x 2 = 18. In
our example are the combinations :

A1-B1-C1 A1-B1-C2 A1-B2-C1 A1-B2-C2 A1-B3-C1 A1-B3-C2

A2-B1-C1 A2-B1-C2 A2-B2-C1 A2-B2-C2 A2-B3-C1 A2-B3-C2
A3-B1-C1 A3-B1-C2 A3-B2-C1 A3-B2-C2 A3-B3-C1 A3-B3-C2
 5. morphological search , which involves analyzing
combinations and see their creative possibilities. It
can be done in two ways :

 Random : is chosen at random a variant of each

attribute. One way is to have as many containers as
attributes and each put slips of paper with their
variants. A slip of each container You take and the
combination is analyzed. Then put back the papers
in original container and the operation is repeated
.

 By orderly enumeration it is to list all the possible

combinations , as we have done in section 4 , and
systematically analyze all .
 If the number of variants is high, the
number of combinations can become
unmanageable .

 A simplification is usual to eliminate

those partial combinations of two or
more variants that are considered
viable and therefore to eliminate all of
them would result
 Fresh Eyes (Ojos Limpios)
 What is it?

 Idea generation technique of seeking to outsiders aim to

produce creative ideas.

 What for?

 When we are in a problem we have " a conditioned mind "

whether our training, origin , beliefs or other causes.

 This technique helps to generate creative ideas by

introducing a " unconditioned " mind you may have " fresh
" clean and pure whose perspective is different ideas. It is
rather a beginning.
 How?

 1. creative writing target is described.

 2. persons who have no or little relationship with him

and asked to write thoughts is presented.

 3. those ideas (many ) are combined, discussed with

the participants to clarify and passed to the person or
group of people who do that are related to the creative
objective to evaluate .
 Useful tips:

 Consult outsiders of different ages , gender, whether they

come from different cultural environments. The more
perspectives , the better.

 The ideas that have been rejected must be archived . They

can be a source of new ideas in the future.

 It requires that senior management is willing to accept this

system.

 More useful in some technical creative and poorly

structured objectives , especially when it seems that no
ideas or be related to the objective difficult to generate .
 Synectics
 In this technique, invented by William J.J. Gordon ,
the group works with a customer ( individual or
organization that has the problem ) interactively,
following these steps:

 1. - The customer presents a problem .

 2. The facilitator asks the client about the problem (

information gathering ) .

 3. The group reformulates the problem in various ways

to ensure that they understand it fully .
 4. The client chooses one of the ways as the
final formulation of the problem.

 5. The group proposes two or three

solutions.

 6. The client chooses one of them , make

some positive comments and some
questions or reservation
 7. The group proposes two or three solutions to
overcome questions or reservation.

 8. The customer selects a solution and from here

steps 6 and 7 are repeated until the customer is
satisfied and the time (maximum 1 hour) expires.

 In Synectics usually it works with real or fantastic

analogies
 TRIZ
 It comes from the acronym TRIZ Teoriya Reshenya
Izobretatelsky Zadach in Russian and means Theory
for Inventive Problem Solving .

 TRIZ was developed from 1946 by Genrich Altshuller

and his colleagues in what was the former Soviet
Union.

 Altshuller generated the hypothesis that there are

universal principles of invention that can form the
basis for creative innovations and technological
advances .
 TRIZ allows us to:

 Create innovative and creative, practical, simple and quick

solutions

 Technically simplify products and processes , gaining cost ,

reliability and lifetime .

 Resolve conflicts and contradictions without technical

compromises with commitment and optimization .

 Conceive quickly , the next generation of products and

processes. Reduce development cycle initially based on a
correct concept .
GRACIAS
Preparado y compilado por :
Ing. David Trujillo Rendón