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Stop waiting

for TIME,
TIME isn’t
waiting for you. 
WATCH
A device that shows
what time it is and
that you wear on
your wrist or carry
in a pocket
HISTORY
Began in 16th century Europe, where watches evolved
from portable spring-driven clocks, which first appeared
in the 15th century. The watch which developed from the
16th century to the mid 20th century was a
mechanical device, powered by winding a mainspring which turned
gears and then move the hands, and kept time
a rotating balance wheel. The invention of the
quartz watch in the1960s, which ran on
electricity and kept time with a vibrating quartz
crystal, proved a radical departure
for the industry.
13th-16th Centuries
In 1257, the first mechanical clock was invented in England.
One of the oldest working clock is found at Salisbury Cathedral, completed in
1386. This clock does not have any face and tells the time by striking the hours.
In the early 1300s, three mechanical clocks were built in Italy. One was
Astronomical Clock, the second ringing a bell every hour and the third followed
the hours, sunrise and days of the month.
17th-19th Centuries

POCKET WATCHES –started to be produced in the


late 16th century, they only showed
the hour. It was not until 1680 that
minute hands were added to clocks.
The first second hand made an
appearance 10 years later but did not
become common practice for quite
` some time. The pocket watch replaced
the old pendant time piece. Due to
wearing the watch in a pocket rather
than being protected in a pendant, the
the shape was flattened and curved
to avoid any sharp edges protruding
and damaging clothing. The face was
was covered with glass in 1610 to
protect the hands from damage.
WATCHES TIMELINE
1485
Leonardo da Vinci
sketches a fusee
for a clock.
1504-1508
Peter Henlein invents what
is considered to be the first
pocket watch. Making him
the (disputed) inventor of
the pocket watch.
1500s
Clock-Watches become popular,
they were fastened to clothing or
worn around the neck on chains.
They only had our hands and didn’t
keep time well. They were more a
status symbol and worn by the rich.
1675
Charles II of England
Introduces the waistcoat.
Watches at this time
were reshaped similar
to the style of pocket
watches to fit
the pockets
1687
Daniel Quare patents
mechanism that
repeats a bell ring
every quarter hour.
1657
The balance spring is invented
by either Robert Hooke or
Christian Huygens.
This improved the accuracy of
watches greatly, leaving only
10 minutes error time per day
instead of a few hours that
watches of the time did.
1680-1700
The minute hand is introduced
in Britain in 1680 and 1700 in
France.
1704
Nicolas Facio, Jacob and
Peter Debaufre are among
the first to use rubies in their
watch movements.
1759
Thomas Mudge invents the
lever escapement (which was
later improved by Josiah
Emery in 1785) gradually
came popular from
1800 onwards.
1780
Abraham Louis Perrelet
invents the self winding
movement. Which would
be later useful as it
wound responding to
wrist movements.
1848
Louis Brandt opens
his own workshop in
La Chaux-de-Fonds
which eventually became
the Omega Watch Company.
1868
Patek Philippe of Patek
Philippe & Co made the
first wrist-watch in 1868.
They pioneered the perpetual
calendar, split-seconds hand,
chronograph, and minute
repeater in watches.
1876
Cheaper materials allowed
mass produced dollar watches
to be produced, which allowed
ordinary workers to own a
watch for the first time. Yet these
were still a pocketwatches
1880
Constant Gerard (Gerard
-Perregaux) developed a
concept of wristwatches,
made from German naval
officers and ordered by
Kaiser Wilhelm I of
Germany. Two-thousand
watches were produced,
which represents the first
important commercialization
of wristwatches.
1884
Greenwich, England is officially
named the zero meridian and
used as the world wide
recognized basis of time zones.
1900s
A type of wristwatch, originally
called a Wrislet, was reserved for
women and considered more of
a passing fad than, a serious
timepiece. Real gentlemen, who
carried pocket watches, were
actually qouted as saying they
would “sooner wear a skirt as
a wristwatch.”
1904
Brazillian aviator Alberto Santos
Dumont asked his friend Louis
Cartier to come up with an alternative
that would allow him to keep both
hands on controls while timing his
performances during flight. Cartier
and his master watchmaker, Edmond
Jaeger soon came up with the first
prototype for a man’s wristwatch called
the Santos wristwatch. Alverto was a
celebrity of his time and his style was
replicated by many, helping the wrist
watch to become popular with men.
1905
Hans Wilsdorf and Davis in London.
In 1908 he opens an office in Switzerland
and starts the Rolex Watch Company.
1914-1918
During the First World War soldiers
needed access to their watches
while their hands were full. They were
given wristwatches, called ‘trench
watches,’ which are made with
pocketwatch movements, so they were
large and bulky and had the crown at
12o’clock position like pocketwatches.
after the war pocketwatches went out of
fashion and by 1930 the ratio of wrist-
to pocket watches was 50 to 1.
1957
Electric watch, which commonly
Means any watch that is powered
By electricity, has become a generic
Term for the first generation of
Electrically powered watches.
1969
The introduction of the quartz watch.
It was a revolutionary improvement in
watch technology. In place of a balance
wheel which oscillated at 5 beats per
second, it used a quartz crystal resonator
which vibrated at 8,192 Hz, driven by a
battery powered oscillator circuit. In place
of a wheel train to add up beats into seconds,
minutes, and hours, it used digital counters.
TYPES OF WATCHES
Analog Watch
-Analog watches have displays with
a miniature clock-face with
12 hours, an hour hand, and a minute hand.
Digital Watch

-is a watch in which the hours, minutes, and


sometimes seconds are indicated by digits,
rather than by hands on a dial.
Automatic Watch
-is a watch that continues to operate due to the regular motion of the
wearer’s wrist. Automatic wristwatches don’t need winding
if worn daily. The energy is stored by using a half-disc metal
weight, called a rotor, that spins when the arm
is moved. This energy is used to power the
watch and can keep the watch going at night
or while the watch isn’t being worn.
Chronograph Watch
-”Chronograph” is just a fancy word for “stopwatch.” Using a chronograph
is easy. You just press the start/stop button on the side of
the of the watch to start or stop the stopwatch; push
the bottom button to reset back to zero. The
chronograph function in chrono watch dials lets
you time races and events.
Quartz Watch
-is powered by an electronic oscillator synchronized by quartz crystal. The electric
current causes the quartz inside to pulsate with a precise frequency. The frequency
is broken down through an integrated circuit where power is released through a
small stepping motor setting the watch hands in motion. Quartz watches will need
battery replacements from time to time.
Smart Watch
-is a portable device that’s design to be worn on the
wrist, just like a traditional watch.
Smart watches, however, like smartphones,
have touchscreens, support apps,
and often record heart rate and other vital signs
THE FUTURE OF WATCHES
Silver, stainless steel and gold have all been common watch
materials, companies have experimented utilizing
titanium and carbon fibre in their case designs as well as using
aluminum and platinum. In more recent years,
watches have been made with
even more high-tech materials including silicon and
ceramic. Some of these materials are also
found in the watch movements, not just the cases.
THE END 

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