National Institute of Science & Technology

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 BLU RAY DISC
INTRODUCTION
National Institute of Science & Technology

Blu-ray is the next-generation digital

video disc. It can record, store and
play back high-definition video and
digital audio, as well as computer
data. The advantage to Blu-ray is the
sheer amount of information it can
hold.

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 BLU RAY DISC
HISTORY
National Institute of Science & Technology

 In the 90’s Shuji Nakamura invented practical blue laser

diodes.
 Sony then started two projects :UDO and DVR Blue, a format
of rewritable discs which eventually became Blu-ray.
 The first consumer devices were in stores on April 10,2003.
A Sony BDZ-S77 a BD-RE recorder that was only made
available in Japan.
 Blu-ray physical specifications were finished in 2004.
 The first Blu-ray Disc titles were released on June 20, 2006.

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 BLU RAY DISC
TECHNICAL FEATURES
National Institute of Science & Technology

Blu-Ray disc is of same size as DVD .

Its thickness is 1.2 mm .
It is made up of polycarbonate.
It is read by blue laser (450 nm).
It requires a special player.

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 BLU RAY DISC
TECHNICAL FEATURES(contd.)
National Institute of Science & Technology

• A single-layer Blu-ray disc, can hold up to 27

GB of data -- that's more than two hours of
high-definition video or about 13 hours of
standard video.

A double-layer Blu-ray disc can store up to

50 GB, enough to hold about 4.5 hours of
high-definition video or more than 20
hours of standard video.

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 BLU RAY DISC
CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN
National Institute of Science & Technology

Discs store data in pits. A laser reads the other

side of these pits -- the bumps – to read the
data on the DVD.
To store more data smaller pits are required
and to read smaller bumps smaller laser is
required.
Presently, DVDs use infrared(600 – 700 nm),
Blu-ray uses a blue laser(450nm).

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 CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN
National Institute of Science & Technology

The minimum "spot size" on which a laser can

be focused depends on –

Diffraction
Wavelength
Numerical aperture

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National Institute of Science & Technology

By decreasing the wavelength, using a higher

numerical aperture (0.85, compared with 0.6
for DVD), higher quality, dual-lens system, and
making the cover layer thinner to avoid
unwanted optical effects the laser beam can be
focused much more tightly. So it allows data to
be stored in a much smaller area thereby
increasing blu-ray size to 5 times than normal
dvd.
It also consists of a scratch protective layer.

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 National Institute of Science & Technology

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 BLU RAY DISC

BLU RAY DISC FORMATS

National Institute of Science & Technology

Blu-ray is designed in several different

formats:

BD-ROM (read-only) - for pre-recorded

content
BD-R (recordable) - for PC data storage
BD-RW (rewritable) - for PC data storage
BD-RE (rewritable) - for HDTV recording

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 BLU RAY DISC

BLU RAY DISC

National Institute of Science & Technology

 Storage area is enormous ranging

from 25 to 50 GB of space
 record high-definition television
(HDTV) without any quality loss
 instantly skip to any spot on the disc
 record one program while watching
another on the disc
 create playlists

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National Institute of Science & Technology

In its initial days only BD has enough

competitors to handle.
o Hitatchi’s AOD or HD-DVD.
o Warner Bros. Pictures has developed
its own system, called HD-DVD-9.
o Taiwan has created the Forward
Versatile Disc
o Sony has developed XDCAM and
ProData.
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National Institute of Science & Technology

 
The future holds a whole lot more than 25
to 54 GB on a single disc. Time is near
when there will be discs that will blow away
the hard disc in most of our PCs in terms
storage capacity, holding 500 GB of data
using ultraviolet lasers, which have an even
shorter wavelength than the blue.
Meanwhile, we have Blu-ray to serve our
needs.

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 National Institute of Science & Technology

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