MANAGEMENT OF INTERNET INFORMATION SOURCES AND SERVICES (IMC 407)

CHAPTER 1
THE INTERNET AND THE WORLD WIDE
WEB

Prepared by : Irni Eliana Khairuddin

The Internet
• Also known as the Net
• World wide collection of networks that links millions of
business, government agencies, educational institutions
and individuals.
• Today, more than one billion home and business users
around the world access a variety services on the
Internet.
History of the Internet
• Started by Pentagon’s Advanced Research Projects
Agency (ARPA), an agency of U.S
• Two main ARPA’s network build up goals:
• Allowed scientist at different physical locations to share information
and work together on military and specific projects.
• Could function even if part of the network were disabled or
destroyed by disaster such as nuclear attack.
• Finally, ARPANET became function in September 1969,
linking scientific and academic researchers across United
States.
History of the Internet
• Original ARPANET consisted of four main computers,
each located at University of California at Los Angeles,
University of California at Santa Barbara, the Stanford
Research Institute and the University of Utah.
• Each of the computers serve as host (server) on the
network.
• At that time a lot of people realized the benefit of
information sharing through ARPANET.
• By 1984, ARPANET had more than 1000 individual
computers linked as hosts.
• Today more than 550 millions connect to the Internet.
History of the Internet
• Today, Internet consist of many local, regional, national
and international networks.
• Numerous corporations, commercial firms and other
companies such as IBM provide networks to handle
Internet traffic.
• Telecommunication companies such as TM Net and Maxis
in Malaysia, contribute toward the internal structure of the
Internet.
The World Wide Web
• World Wide Web consists of a worldwide collection of
electronic documents.
• Webpage refers to each electronic documents on the Web. It
may contain text, graphics, animation, audio and video.
• Web site is a collection of related webpage and associated
items such as documents and pictures stored on a Web Server
• Web Server is a computer that delivers requested web page to
your computer.
• Web 2.0 refer to websites that provide manes for user to share
personal information (i.e facebook) , allows user to modify web
site content (i.e wikipedia) and have application software built
into the site for visitor to use (i.e emails).
The World Wide Web
Browsing the web
• A web browser is application software that allows user to
access and view webpages
• The widely used web browser for personal computers
are Internet Explorer, Firefox, Opera, Safari and Google
Chrome.
• Home page refers to the first page that a Web site
displays.
• A link or hyperlink is a built-in connection to another
related Web page.
• Downloading is the process of a computer or device
receiving information, such as a Webpage, from a server
on the internet.
The World Wide Web
Web Address
• A web page has a unique address called URL (Uniform
Resource Locator) or Web Address. (i.e home page for
UiTM http://www.uitm.edu.my)
• A web address consists of a protocol, domain name and
sometimes the path to specific location on a Web page.
• Many web page address begin with http://. The http
stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol, is a set of rules
that defines how page transfer on the Internet.
• To save time, many users create bookmarks for their
frequently visited Web pages.
The World Wide Web
Navigating Web Pages
• Hypertext refers to links in text-based documents.
• Hypermedia combines text-based links with graphic,
audio and video links.
• Links allow you to obtain information in a nonlinear way.
• Some people use the phrase, surfing the web, to refer to
the activity of using links to explore the Web.
• Most current Web browser support with tabbed
browsing, where top of the browser display a tab for
each Web page you open.
The World Wide Web
Types of Website
• Portal
• A website offers a variety of Internet services from a single convenient
location.
• Most portals offers free services such as search engine, news, sports
and weather forecast
• Many portal have online communities
• i.e : MSN, and Yahoo
• Personal
• Private individual or family not usually associated with any
organization may maintain a personal Wen site or just a single Web
page.
• News
• A website contains news materials including stories and articles
related to current events, life, money and sports
• Many magazine and newspaper sponsor website provide summaries
of printed articles
• i.e: News Straits Time and Berita Harian
The World Wide Web
Types of Website
• Informational
• An informational website contains factual information such as public
transportation schedule and published research findings
• i.e : Malaysia tourism website
• Business
• Website contains content that promotes or sells product or services.
• i.e : zalora
• Blog
• An informal website consisting of time-stamped articles or posts in a
diary or journal format. Usually listed in reverse chronological order.
• i.e : Blogspot
• Wiki
• Collaborative web site that allows user to create, add to m modify or
delete the website content via their web browser.
• i.e : wikipedia
The World Wide Web
Types of Website
• Online Social Network
• A website that encourages members in its online community to share
their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music and videos with other
registered users.
• i.e : facebook
• Educational
• A website offers exciting, challenging avenues for formal and informal
teaching and learning.
• i.e : i learn and i class
• Entertainment
• A website offers an interactive and engaging environment.
• i.e : Candy Crush, tonton
• Advocacy
• A website contains content that describe a cause, opinion or idea.
• i.e : All Women Action Society (AWAM) website
Other Internet Services
• Email
• Transmission of message files via computer network.
• Today email is a primary communications method for both personal
and business use.
• Email program used to create, send, receive, forward, store, print and
delete email messages.
• i.e : Outlook, Gmail, Yahoomail
• Mailing List
• Mailing list is a group of e-mail names and addresses given a single
name.
• Instant Messaging
• Instant messaging is a real time Internet communications service that
notifies when one or more people are online and then allows you to
exchange messages or files or join a private chat room with them.
• i.e : yahoo messenger
Other Internet Services
• Chat rooms
• A chat is a real time typed conversation that rakes place on a computer.
• Anyone in chatroom can participate in the conversation, which usually is
specific to particular topic
• VoIP
• Voice over Internet Protocol enables user to speak to other users over the
Internet.
• As you speak in a microphone connected to your computer or a telephone
connected to the VoIP router or telephone adapter convert tour spoken words
(analog signals) to digital signals and transmit the digitized audio over the
Internet to the called parties.
• Newsgroup
• A newsgroup is an online area which users have written discussions about
particular subject.
• FTP
• File transfer protocol is an Internet standard that permits file uploading and
downloading with other computers on the Internet.
• Uploading is the process transferring documents or graphics to a server on the
Internet.