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ROTATIONAL
MOTION
SCOPE OF STUDY
SUB - TOPICS
ROTATION TORQUE
ANGULAR
QUANTITIES
ROTATION
Definition :The act or process of turning around a center or an axis.
The object rotates about an axis, which we will call the pivot point, and will
label 'O'.
All points on the object move in circles around the axis of rotation (“O”).
All points on a straight line drawn through the axis move through the same angle
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ROTATION
Example : Consider a particle P fixed on a disc
rotating about O.
Angular position :
where
ℓ = Rθ
θ : angle in radian
R : radius
2π rad = 360 o
= 1 rev
ROTATION
Angular displacement :
ω dω
α lim
t 0 t dt
ANGULAR QUANTITIES
Every point on a rotating body has an angular velocity ω and a linear
velocity v.
Relation :
ANGULAR QUANTITIES
If the angular velocity of a rotating
object changes, it has a tangential
acceleration:
Formula :
Formula :
ANGULAR QUANTITIES
The equations of motion for constant angular acceleration are the same
as those for linear motion, with the substitution of the angular quantities
for the linear ones.
TORQUE
Definition : A measure of how much a force acting on an object causes
Formula :
τ = r x F = r F sin θ
Lever arm : The perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation to the
Counterclockwise torque : F
Positive torque
r
o
Clockwise torque :
Negative torque
r
o
F
TORQUE
Exercise 1: Lets try this!!
In a hurry to catch a cab, you rush through a frictionless swinging door and onto
the sidewalk. The force you extered on the door was 50N, applied perpendicular
to the plane of the door. The door is 1.0m wide. Assuming that you pushed the
door at its edge, what was the torque on the swinging door (taking the hinge as
the pivot point)?
Solution :
TORQUE
Solution :
The pivot point is at the hinges of the door, opposite to where you were
pushing the door. The force you used was 50N, at a distance 1.0m from the
pivot point. You hit the door perpendicular to its plane, so the angle between
the door and the direction of force was 90 degrees. Since
τ = r x F = r F sin θ
then the torque on the door was: