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The Hindu Revival

The Decline of Buddhism


Post-Gupta India (600-1200)

-Buddhist practice is an influenced of Hinduism.


-Indra ( The supreme diety of Aryans. The omnipotent
ruler of the universe)
- other lesser gods were more or less vaguely described in
the Vedas.
- they more concentrated on ritual act of worship
- the pre-Aryan desire to have images
Hinduism

- is generally regarded as the world's oldest organized religion. It


consists of "thousands of different religious groups that have evolved in
India since 1500 BCE." 
- is often referred to as Sanātana Dharma ( a Sanskrit Phrase
meaning “The Eternal Law”)

- is formed of diverse traditions and has no single founder.

The aim of Hinduism is the discovery of the true nature of the self
(atman) and the true nature of the undifferentiated eternal principle
of existence, which is Brahman.
Brahma- creator god

Vishnu – sustainer god

Shiva – god of destruction


Cycle of Rebirths

In the Hindu religion, the self continues to


be reborn until it discovers that it and
Brahman are one; samsara.
Hindu Revival

Hinduism enjoyed a revival beginning in the later years


of the Gupta dynasty. The Hindu renaissance centered
around devotion to Vishnu and, in particular, his avatar,
Krishna, the romantic hero of poetry and song. This cult
of avatar is a parallel to that of the bodhisattva in
Buddhism; both were expressions of a new humanism
that brought divinity within the reach of everyday
actuality.
Elephanta cave temple, south wall, Shiva
Mahadeo, Rock cut (ca. seventh-eighth
century)
The Pallava
Dynasty
Sculpted Temples

The rise of the Kushan in the north displaced the Andhra, whose
successors set up the Later Andhra kingdom in the region of
Amaravati on the southeast coast. Both the Kushan and the Andrha
were subsumed under the Gupta power in the early fourth century.
In the sixth century a new and important dynasty began to emerge to
the south of that region. It was the Pallava.
The Pallava capital was at Kanchipuram ( Conjeeveram). On the
coast, at the site of Mamallapuram, during the reign of
Narasimhavarman, some of the most remarkable works of the
period were created.
During the reign of Narasimhavarman
some of the most remarkable works
were created. The coast is strewn with
huge boulders and rounded
outcroppings of granite, which were
carved into sculptured temples. The
engaged pilasters with their elongated
shafts and brackets are clearly derived
from a tradition of wood construction.
In wooden buildings, they would
probably have been fully rounded
pillars, but in stone they seem too thin
to support the superstructure of the
tiered roofs so they have been treated as
pilasters.
The Temples are raised on short bases,
and the silhouette of these roofs forms a
straight line from the corner to the
spire. When the plans are rectangular
rather than square, the roofs are not
straight-sided but rather curved so as to
reflect the exterior shape of the barrel-
Pancha Rathas (Five Chariots), Mahabalipuram,
India
Bhima Rath, Mamallapuram, Rock-cut temple
Dharmaraja Rath,
Mamallapuram, Rock-cut
temple
Hindu Deities

Between the tall thin pillars of


these carved temples stand
images of Hindu deities. They
are slender like the Amaravati
figures but less active. The
poses seem in some cases to be
purposely stiff.

Shiva Ardhinari
Durga attacking buffalo demon, Mamallapuram,
Mahisha Mandapam, Rock-cut relief
The goddess Durga
Durga victorious,
Mamallapuram

Chola queen as devi, Bronze,


Chola
Descent of the Ganges, central
section
Shiva
Ellura, Kailasanatha
mp l e
a r a Te
e s h v
h u ra m
Pur as
hv ar,
va n es
Bhu
Khajuraho, Kandariya Mahadeo Temple
The Moslem Conquest Of
The Moslem Conquest Of
India
India
The Mogul Dynasty
-Moslems, or Muslims (“believers”), are followers of Islam.

-Their scared book is the Koran.

-Islam is monotheistic, with the belief that “there is no god but Allah
and Mohammad is His prophet.”

- The Principal Aspects of Their Faith: Prayers, almsgiving, fasting and


pilgrimage to the Holy city of Mecca

-The Islamic culture gradually absorbed the best aspects of those


countries through which it swept.
Persian and Indian Art Concepts
Create Mogul Art

Akbar - founder of the Mogul art.

- He synthesized the Moslem faith (Islam) with Zoroastriansim


and Hinduism into a new religion

- Mogul style painting brought India a realism unknown before.


Agra Fort. Red Sandstone. Moghul
Babur receives a courtier. Attributed to Farrukh
Diwani Khas (Hall of Private Audience), Red Fort Delhi.
White marble inlaid with semiprecious stones
Shah Jahan’s Portrait
Shah Jahan on horseback. Colors on paper
The Hall of Private Audience (Diwani-Khas) in the Red Fort,
Delhi, colors on paper
Wakas!
Thank you for
listening…

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