Pumps

PUMPS

A pump is designed to transfer a fluid from one point to another. Pumps transfer fluid from low pressure
area to high pressure areas, low elevations to higher elevations and from local locations to distant
locations.

APPLICATIONS OF PUMPS

The pump is used for:

a) Irrigation- used to make dry lands agriculturally productive

b) Sewage- used for water treatment

c) Drainage- used to control the level of water

d) Steel Mils - Used to transport cooling water

PRINCIPLE OF PUMPS

Pumps are used throughout society for a variety of purposes. Because of the wide
variety of applications, pumps have a plethora of shapes and sizes: from very large
to very small, from handling gas to handling liquid, from high pressure to low
pressure, and from high volume to low volume.
 PUMP CLASSIFICATION

Pump Classification

Positive
Kinetic pump displacement
pump

Centrifungal Rotary
Special effect
Reciprocating

Refrigenerative
turbine
 KINETIC PUMP

• kinetic pump add energy continuously

• This energy increase the fluid velocity

• The resulting velocity reduction pressure increase

• Pressure does not exceed the system resistance, the fluid does not move

• This type of pump is a machine that uses the dynamic principle of accelerating
fluid
CENTRIFUNGAL PUMP

• This type of pump is a machine that used the dynamic principle of

accelerating fluid, through centrifungal activity, and converting the
kinetic energy into pressure.
• Centrifungal pumps will only pump, or build pressure, to a designed
level.
• When this level is reached, the fluid no longer moves and all the
kinetic energy is converted to heat.
• This heat can cause the fluid to vaporize or build pressure within the
pump, sometimes exceeding its desin limit.
 POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMP

Positive displacement pump increases the presure of the fluid by

trapping a fixed amount of it into of the cavity be mechanical means.

As the volume of the fluid inside the cavity is reduce, its pressure is
increased, allowing it to be forced againts the higher pressure in the
pipe.
ROTARY PUMP

• A rotary pump is a positive displacement pump consiisting of a

chamber(s) containing gears, lobes, cams, vanes, screw or similar
elements driven by roating shaft.
• Close running clearences enable the pump to generate the proper
hydraulics.
• As these clearances increase, due to wearing of parts, the pump's
efficiency drops dramatically.
• Relief valves are recomanded to prevent pressure from building
beyond the pressure limitation of the system.
Type of Rotary pumps :

Gear pump
consist of two spur gears meshing together and revolving in
oppposite directions within a casing.
Lope pump
Lope pumps are used in a variety of industries including, pulp
and paper, chemical, food, beverage, pharmaceutical and
biotechnology
Vane pump
Vane pump are used for liquid transfer applications from
chemicals to liqufied gases.
Screw pump
Screw pump assure reliable operation and a long life because
through the pump is positive displacement type.
RECIPROCATING PUMP

• A reciprocating pump is a positive displacement pump consisting of a

liquid end and a drive end.
• The liquid end consists of device to displace a fixed volume of fluid for
each stroke of the drive end.
• Suction and dischrge flow is usually determined by the position of
check valves.
PROCUDURE Of MAINTANANCE OF PUMP

1) lean bearing bracket from any oil found.

2) Check oil drain plug.
3) Lubricate the bearing.
4) Inspect suction and discharge flanges for any leak.
5) inspect pump casing for any unusual damage signs.
6) Inspect the seal.
7) If pump is offline check the coupling and its shims for any damage.
8) Make sure that the coupling guard s well tightened to pump base plate.
9) Check that motor alignment bolts are all in place.
• https://www.allpumps.com.au/b
log/2016/01/25/classification-
of-pumps/
• https://www.globalpumps.com.
au/blog/what-are-the-
differences-between-pump-
types