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There is the power system, that chooses between the power jack and the
USB power and produces 5V and 3.3V for the rest of the system. There is
a USB to serial controller that that contains the bootloader which is used to
load programs into the ATMEGA328P.
A DC Motor is a type of electric motor that converts DC electrical
power to mechanical power i.e. a DC supply is converted to rotation
or movement. DC motors are one of the commonly used motors in
different applications like electronic toys, power tools, portable fans,
etc.
Fig. 3: A DC Motor
1) A push to make switch allows electricity to flow between its two contacts when
held in. When the button is released, the circuit is broken. This type of switch is
also known as a Normally Open (NO) Switch.
2) A push to break switch does the opposite, i.e. when the button is not pressed,
electricity can flow, but when it is pressed the circuit is broken. This type of
switch is also known as a Normally Closed (NC) Switch.
Fig. 6: A Potentiometer
The open-source Arduino Software (IDE) makes it easy to write code
and upload it to the board. It runs on Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. The
environment is written in Java and based on Processing and other open-
source software.
In fact, you already are; the Arduino language is merely a set
of C/C++ functions that can be called from your code. Your sketch
undergoes minor changes (e.g. automatic generation of function
prototypes) and then is passed directly to a C/C++ compiler(avr-g++).
The Code:
The code you write for your Arduino are known as sketches. They
are written in C++.Every sketch needs two void type
functions, setup() and loop(). A void type function doesn’t return any
value.The setup() method is ran once at the just after the Arduino is
powered up and the loop() method is ran continuously afterwards.
The setup() is where you want to do any initialisation steps, and
in loop() you want to run the code you want to run over and over again.
Fig. 5: Snapshot of the Arduino IDE
Fig: Circuit Diagram
Fig:Schematic
Voltage vs Speed Chart
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ
Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ
ory 1 ory 2 ory 3 ory 4 ory 6 ory 9
ory 5 ory 7 ory 8 ory 10 ory 11
Voltage 2.3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Speed 0 30 48.4 67.9 91.6 102.5 148.6 192.6 215 288.4 295
Microcontroller needs software like compiler to insert logics as
inputs.
Applications:
Wide supply-voltage range: 4.5V to 36V
Separate input- logic supply
Internal ESD protection
Thermal shutdown
High-Noise-Immunity input
Functional Replacements for SGS L293 and SGS L293D
The Circuit was designed and implemented successfully. This project
can be enhanced by using power electronic devices such as IGBTs to
achieve the speed control higher capacity industrial motors and DC
Motor Controller.