NEW TECHNOLOGY IN THE

PLANT
 DEW-POINT COOLING
Evaporative Cooling
• Direct Evaporative Cooling
‒ basically adds water vapor to the air and can
be considered a simple, efficient and cheap
method to decrease the temperature
‒ the resulting high humidity both reduces
thermal comfort and causes mold growth that
could cause several allergic problems and
diseases (Figure 1)
 DEW-POINT COOLING

• Indirect Evaporative Cooling

‒ based on novel core (heat exchanger)
technology, enabling to cool air without
moisture addiction (Figure 1)
‒ limited air temperature drop and large
dependency on the ambient air conditions
‒ compared to DEC, which is 90% efficient, IEC is
only 60%-70%
Figure 1. Evaporative cooling technologies. Figure describes three different methods of air cooling and
the description of the process of each method in psychometric diagram.
 DEW-POINT COOLING
• M-cycle based dew-point cooling is a
revolutionary thermodynamic process that
utilizes the psychometric energy (or the potential
energy) available from the latent heat of water
evaporating into the air and uses atmospheric air
as a renewable source of energy
Figure 2. The Coolerado HMX.
 COMBINED HEAT AND POWER
GENERATION

‒ promising way of utilizing solar energy and waste

heat from industry, power plants and other
commercial buildings
‒ but high installation cost
 COMBINED HEAT AND POWER
GENERATION
• Solar Low-Pressure Turbo-Ejector M-Power
System (SLTE-MPS)
‒ replaces compressor with an ejector and utilizes a
serial HMX core for equalizing counter flow
pressures at the same atmospheric or sub-
atmospheric level
‒ thermal efficiency of 30%–40%, which is 11%–
18% for steam–water Rankine cycle
 COMBINED HEAT AND POWER
GENERATION
• Ice Heat Pump Using Open Air/Water Cycle
‒ uses air compressor and expander units and a
water atomizing nozzle
‒ harnesses heat from ambient air, water
vapor/steam under low temperatures to solidify
and release a large amount of latent heat then
the heat is converted to mechanical work through
the expander to offset compression work,
thereby improving the COP of the heat pump
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of ice heat pump.
 HEAT NETWORKS: THE KEY TO SAVE
THE WASTE HEAT
‒ allow central production–distribution
balancing the heat-supply demand and reduce
the heating costs, investment costs (on
heating systems), CO2 emissions and wasted
energy.
‒ mainly uses water as heat transfer fluid: high
pumping pressure
‒ heat transport with air is not feasible as a
result of low specific heat of air
Figure 4. Moist air system. Figure describes the working principal of MAS
 HEAT NETWORKS: THE KEY TO SAVE
THE WASTE HEAT
• Moist air system: a better way to transport the
heat
 ENERGY STORAGE: PATHWAY TO
SOLAR HEATING
‒ we can ‘store’ solar energy in dry, hot months
and use in wet, cold months
‒ possible way for seasonal storage of solar
energy will be the thermochemical heat
storage (THS) based on vapor adsorption–
desorption of zeolites, silica gels and salt
hydrates (Table 1)
 ENERGY STORAGE: PATHWAY TO
SOLAR HEATING
Evaluation criteria Silica gel Zeolite Vermiculite–CaCl2

Regeneration temperature H VH L

Multi-cyclic ability M L H

Heat storage density M H M

Ease of handling H H M

Toxicity NT NT VL

Corrosivity NC NC VL

Moisture uptake capacity H H H

Adsorption temperature M H M

Cost H H M

Density H H L
ENERGY STORAGE: PATHWAY TO
SOLAR HEATING

Figure 6. Schematic diagram of seasonal thermochemical heat storage.

• Replacing the condenser metal blade fan with
fiber reinforced platic
• Changing the refrigerant used
• Regular maintenance of components