GROUP 1

1. FANDI AKHMAD
2.NABILA A RAHMA
3. ROSA RAHMA M
4. ZULFA UNZILLA A
5. M. TAFFAREL F.N
6. YASINTA MARTHA Y
ECOLOGY
“INTRODUCTION”
The Word ecology has been
derived from two Greek
words ‘oikos‘ meaning
house habitat or place of
living, and ‘logos’ meaning
study.
Its mean the study of
earth’s house. Everything
that exits on earth
Ecology is about nonliving
and living organism like
plants and animals.
Objectives of ecological study :
To study the interrelationship between
organisms in population and divers
communities.
To study local and geographic distribution
of organisms.
To study the structural adaptions and
functional adjustments of organisms to their
physical environment.
To apply the knowledge gained by
ecological study to safeguard againts the
disasters happening due to human activities
like deforestation and environmental
pollution, killing of animal life, chemical,
biological or nuclear warfare, population
explotion, etc.
USEFUL DEFINITION :
species
population
community
Ecosystem
habitat
niche
biomes
Classification of Various Aspects of Ecology
Two important aspects of ecology are:
Autecology: It is associated with the ecology of
an individual species and its population. It is the
study of a particular species and its behaviour and
adaptation to the environmental condition at every
stage of that individual’s life cycle. Autecology is
also called species ecology.
Synecology: It is the study of communities, their
composition, their behaviour and relation to the
environment. Synecology is also called as the
ecology of communities and further divided in
three fields:-
a) Population ecology
(b) Community ecology
(c) Ecosystem ecology
Classification on the
Basis of Habitat
Aquatic ecology
(i) Marine ecology
(ii) Freshwater ecology
(iii) Stream ecology
Terrestrial ecology
(i) Grassland ecology
(ii) Forest ecology
(iii) Desert ecology
 Following are some branches
of ecology
Habitat Conservation
Populatio ecology
ecology n ecology

System
ecology

Ecosystem Production Radiation

ecology ecology ecology

Ecological Gene ecology

Palaecology energetics
 Functional Concepts of
Ecology
Population
interactions
Flow of
Ecosystem energy

Ecological
niche

Limiting
factors
Biogeochem
ical cycling Climax