Professional Documents
Culture Documents
EDU: 106.14
ENVIORNMENTAL EDUCATION
Natural Flood
Tsunami
disasters
Cyclones Drought
Forest fire
Natural disasters may occur in different ways
Levee effect: Once measures are taken to prevent the next disaster,
people tend to settle in and around the preventive mechanisms
It can cause damage to property and human life but they have some
beneficial effects native vegetation, animals, and ecosystem that have
evolved with fire
Many plant species depend on the effects of fire for growth and
reproduction
Strategies of wildfire prevention, detection, and suppression have
varied over the years
The spread of wild fire varies based on the flammable material present,
weather condition etc.
FLOOD
It is a state of high water level along a river channel or on the cost
Flood may happen gradually and also may take hours or even happen
suddenly without any warning
There are different types of floods namely: flash flood, riverine flood,
urban flood etc.
Heavy rainfall
Heavy siltation of the river bed reduces the water carrying capacity of
the river
Blockage in the drains lead to flooding of the area
Landslides blocking the flow of the stream
Construction of dam and reservoirs
In areas prone to cyclone, strong winds accompanied by heavy down
pour along with storm surge leads to flooding
Flood: Typical Adverse Effects
The most important consequence of floods is the loss of life and
property
Houses, bridges, roads etc. are get damaged by the gushing water
The land may be rendered due to erosion of top layer or may turn
saline if sea water floods the area
Flood: Warning
Flood forecasting and warning has been highly developed in the past
two decades
High tides with high winds may indicate flooding in the costal area
Flood control
Flood management
EARTHQUAKE
It is the most destructive natural hazard
The earth crust is a rocky layer, the crust is not one piece but consist of
portions called ‘plates’ which varying in size
When these plates contact each other stress arise the crust
GENARAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EARTHQUAKE
The actual rupture process may last for a few seconds to as long as one
minute for a major earthquake
Overpopulation
Over grazing
Deforestation
Soil erosion
TYPES OF DROUGHT
Meteorological drought
Hydrological drought
Agricultural drought
Socio-economic drought
POSSIBLE RISK REDUCTION MEASURES
They occur mainly in the tropical and temperate regions of the world
Cyclones are generally accompanied by strong winds which
cause a lot of destruction
Costalbelt plantation
Hazard mapping
Land use control
Engineered structures
Flood management
Improving vegetation cover
LAND SLIDES
The term landslide includes a wide range of ground movement , such
as rock falls, deep failure of slopes, and shallow debris flows
Falls Lahar
Flows Mudflow
The earthquake is formed under the depths Indian ocean may be one of
the known route causes for this natural calamity