A presentation on Portable

Extinguisher
• IN BGR THERE ARE 2 (TWO) TYPES OF
EXTINGUISHER.

• a) Dry Chemical Powder (DCP) Extinguisher.

Capacities- 5 Kg , 10 Kg , 70 / 75 Kg
& 200 kg.

• b) Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguisher.

Capacities- 2 Kg, 4.5 Kg, 6.5 Kg
and 22.5 Kg.
CARBON-DIOXIDE FIRE EXTINGUISHER

(150/160
kg/cm2)
 Various Parts
• Discharge Valve/Flow Control Valve
• Safety Valve
• Discharge Horn
• Syphon Tube
• Flexible High Pressure Hose (Non Conducting)
7 - Syphon Tube adaptor
 General Properties of CO2
• Non combustible (does not react most
substance)
• Provides its own pressure for discharge from
container
• Not conduct electricity
• Leaves no residue
• Since it is a gas it finally divided solid called
“snow” or “dry ice”
 Properties
• Thermodynamic
• Storage
• Discharge properties
• Vapour density
• Toxicity
 Thermodynamic properties
• Under Normal condition it is a Gas. It is easily liquefied by
compressing and cooling, and with further compressing and
cooling it can be converted to a solid.
• Between -570 C to 310 C it in a closed container may be gas or
liquid.
• When temperature and pressure increase , the density of
vapour phase inc while density of liquid phase dec. at 310 C
both density is same. It is known as critical temp. above critical
temp CO2 exist in gaseous form.
• When the temp reduced to -570 C it may be present in vapour,
liquid and solid forms in equilibrium known as triple point.
Below triple point only vapour and solid form exist.
• Thus when liquid carbon di oxide is discharged to atmoshpheric
pressure , a portion instantly flashes to vapor and remainder is
cooled by evaporation and converted to finely snow (dry ice).
 Storage
• Liquid carbon dioxide may be stored in high pressure
cylinders at normal ambient temperature or in low
pressure refrigerated containers designed to
maintain a storage temp -180 C.
• High pressure systems are designed to operate
properly with storage temp. ranging from 0 to 490 C.
Discharge properties and Vapour density

• A typical discharge of liquid carbon dioxide

has a white cloudy appearance due to finely
divided dry ice particles carried along with
flash vapour.
• CO2 gas has a density of one and half times thr
density of air at same temp. The cold
discharge has a much greater density , which
accounts for its ability to replace air above
burning surfaces and maintain a smothering
atmosphere.
 Extinguishing properties of CO2
• By Smothering – By diluting the atmoshpheric oxygen by
CO2 Vapour. That’s why the the rate of heat generation
(oxidation) will decrease. And when the fuel cooled
below its ignition temp. the fire dies out and is
completely extinguished.
• By Cooling – by the formation of dry ice .
 Filling Ratio

• The filling ratio of CO2 shall not exceed 0.667.

The filling ratio shall be determined as the
ratio of mass of CO2 in container to the mass
of water required to fill the container at 15
deg. C.
 PERFORMANCE OF CARBON DIOXIDE EXTINGUISHER
CAPACITY 2 Kg. 4.5 Kg. 6.5 Kg. 22.5 Kg.

Range in 2 meter 2.5 meter 2.5 – 3 meter 2.5 – 3 meter

meters.

Discharge 10 – 18 10 - 24 Seconds 10 -30 Seconds 20 – 60

in Second Seconds
seconds

Working 60 Kg/cm2 60 Kg/cm2 60 Kg/cm2 60 Kg/cm2

pressure
Test 250 kg/cm2 250 Kg/cm2 250 Kg/cm2 250 Kg/cm2
pressure
Fitted with Fitted with Fitted with Fitted with
discharge discharge hose discharge hose, discharge
horn and and insulated insulated handle hose,
insulated handle. and wheels. insulated
handle. handle
and wheels.
CARBON DIOXIDE FIRE EXTINGUISHER
DCP
5 KG CAP. DCP FIRE EXTINGUISHER
70 KG. CAP. DCP EXTINGUISHER
SAFETY VALVE
SET PRESS. 17Kg/cm2
 PERFORMANCE OF DCP FIRE EXTINGUISHER

CAPACITY 5 Kg. 10 Kg. 70/75 Kg.

Discharge 15 – 20 Sec. 25 – 30 Sec. 50 – 60 Sec.
Time in Sec.
Range 3.5 mtrs. 4.5 mtrs. 8 mts.
Working 12.5 -14.0 12.5-14.0 Kg/cm2 12.5-14.0 Kg/cm2
pressure Kg/cm2
Gas cartridge 120 grams 180 – 200 grams 2 – 3.2 Kg.
Cap. In grams.
Test Pressure. 30 Kg/cm2 30 Kg/cm2 30 Kg/cm2

Discharge tube Discharge tube Discharge tube

fitted without fitted with fitted with squeeze
squeeze grip squeeze grip grip Nozzle.
Nozzle. Nozzle.
 OPERATING PRESSURE

• Suitable test shall be done to demonstrate

that sufficient space is provided so that
internal pressure does not exceed 15
Kg/sq.cm. and the body shall not show any
sign of leakage if the discharge nozzle is closed
and the extinguisher is operated at 27 + 2ºC.
 SAFETY VALVE

• All trolley mounted DCP extinguishers shall be

provided with safety valve preferably on its
top dished end to requirements of IS-2825.The
set pressure shall be 17 Kg/sq.cm.
 DRY CHEMICAL POWDER

• The types of Dry Chemical Powder and

requirements shall be as per IS-4308 with
Sp.Gr. in the range of 0.95 to 1.0.
 EXPELLANT GAS

• The Expellant gas used shall be carbon dioxide

(CO2) or nitrogen (N2). The maximum
quantity of expellant gas to be used for
various capacities of Dry Chemical Powder
Extinguishers shall be such that the internal
pressure of the DCP cylinder shall at no point
of time exceed 15 kg/sq.cm.
 DESIGN PRESSURE

• The portable trolley mounted fire

extinguishers and the DCP cylinder on mobile
tenders shall be designed to withstand
pressure of 22.5 kg/sq cm.
• The maximum operating pressure shall not
exceed 15kg/sq.cm. This pressure will be
adequate to achieve required performance
characteristics.
 Expansion Space
A space shall be provided above the dry powder
level in the body of the extinguisher. It shall be
of sufficient volume to ensure that when the
discharge opening is temporarily closed and the
extinguisher is operated at a temperature of
27 ± 5°C, the internal pressure shall not exceed
1.5 MN/cm2 (15 kgf/cm2) and the body shall
not show any sign of leakage.
 Gas Cartridge and Cartridge Holder

CO2 cartridge 100 g capacity for 5 kg

capacity and 200 g capacity for 10 kg capacity
shall conform to IS 4947. The capacity of gas
cartridge shall be 120 g for 5 kg and 180 to
200 g for 10 kg.
 CAP
The cap shall be screwed for fixing to the neck
on the body for not less than 16 mm in effective
length and the parallel threads shall be in
accordance with IS 2643 (Part 1) to suit neck
ring. At least 3 hole of not less than 2.5 mm
diameter each shall be drilled through the
threaded portion of the cap to form vents. The
centres of the vent holes shall be 6.5 mm
maximum from the exposed face of the cap joint
washer.
 ANTI-CORROSIVE TREATMENT
All internal surfaces of the body shall be
completely coated with lead-tin alloy (tin not
less than 10 percent) applied by hot-dipping
process to a thickness of not less than 0.012 mm.
The thickness of the coating shall be
measured as given in IS 3203. The external
surfaces of the body and both surfaces of
components, that is inner shell (if any), syphon
tube (if of mild steel), spring etc, whichever
applicable, shall also be subjected to this
anti-corrosive treatments. There shall be no
visible uncoated area both internally or
Externally.
 Hydraulic Test
• Extinguisher shell/container and the cap
assembly with the hose assembly shall be
tested to an internal pressure of 30 kg/sq.cm.
The test pressure shall be held for a minimum
period of two and a half minutes.
• SAFETY VALVES
• Safety devices shall be tested at 17 Kg/sq.cm
gas per requirements of IS-2825.