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Chapter 2: Electricity
Electric Field and Charge Flow
electron
proton
neutron
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Fixed atom Electron
Current
Current – the rate of flow of electric charge
SI unit of current is Ampere, A
If N electrons make up 1 C of
charge, then
No. of electrons, N x charge in
an electron, e = total charge, Q Example 2
An electric current of 300mA flows
Thus, Q = Ne through a resistor for 4s, what is the
number of electrons which flows through
the resistor?
Electric Field
An electric field is a region where an electric
charge experiences an electric force
A positive or negative charge produces an electric
field in the space surrounding the charge.
Any charge in electric field experiences electric
force acting on it.
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Extra Notes: Electric Field
The lines are called electric field lines or electric lines of
force
The pattern of the electric lines of force depends on the
Shape of the charged object
Number of charged object
An electric field line is a vector quantity as it has both
force and direction.
Properties of electric line of force:
The direction of the electric field lines is from the
positive charge towards the negative charge.
The electric field lines do not cross-over each other.
The closer the lines, the stronger the electric field is.
To Observe Pattern Of Electric Field
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Ping Pong Ball Coated With Conducting Material
Observation & Explanation
A ping pong ball coated with
metallic paint is placed
centrally between two metallic
plates connected to a very high
voltage source.
The ball is suspended with
nylon string which is an
electrical insulator.
When the power supply is
switched on, the ball will not
move as it is initially neutral.
The charges on both sides
neutralize each other.
Observation & Explanation