CHAPTER OBJECTIVES

• To develop the principle of work and energy and apply it to solve

problems that involve force, velocity, and displacement.
• To study problems that involve power and efficiency.
• To introduce the concept of a conservative force and apply the
theorem of conservation of energy to solve kinetic problems.
CLASSIFICATION
Mechanics

M/C of Rigid Body M/C of Deformable Body M/C of Fluid

Statics Dynamics

Kinematics Kinetics

Study of Study of
geometry of the motion forces causing the motion
(position, velocity,
acceleration)
The Work of a Force
Motion of a particle using the concepts of work and energy.
A force F will do work on a particle only when the particle
undergoes a displacement in the direction of the force.

θ
Actual force, Fcosθ causes displacement of box

S2-S1
S1 S2 W=(S2-S1)Fcosθ
 Principle of Work and Energy
Force is the origin of work and energy

F  ma
vdv
F m ads  vdv
ds
 Fds  mvdv
s2 v2
 F  ds m  vdv
s1 v1

1 2 2
 F ( s 2  s1 )  m(v 2  v1 )
2
 Work  Kinetic Energy

Example of potential energy is gravitational and spring Force

 Principle of Work and Energy (loss) of
Friction Caused by Sliding.

S1 S2
Conservation of energy
Total energy @ S1  Total energy @ S 2
KE@ S1  PE @ S1  loss of energy due to friction  KE@ S 2  PE @ S 2
1 2 1 2
 mv1  mgh1   k F friction ( s 2  s1 )  mv 2
2 2
14-8. The spring in the toy gun has an unstretched length of 100 mm. It is compressed
and locked in the position shown. When the trigger is pulled, the spring unstretches
12.5 mm, and the 20-g ball moves along the barrel. Determine the speed of the ball
when it leaves the gun. Neglect friction.
14-19. Determine the height h of the incline D to which the 200-kg roller coaster car will
reach, if it is launched at B with a speed just sufficient for it to round the top of the loop
at C without leaving the track. The radius of curvature at C is 25 m.
14-20. Packages having a weight of 15 Ib are transferred horizontally from one conveyor
to the next using a ramp for which μk= 0.15. The top conveyor is moving at 6 ft/s and
the packages are spaced 3 ft apart. Determine the required speed of the bottom
conveyor so no sliding occurs when the packages come horizontally in contact with it.
What is the spacing s between the packages on the bottom conveyor?
*14-28. Roller coasters are designed so that riders will not experience a normal
force that is more than 3.5 times their weight against the seat of the car.
Determine the smallest radius of curvature p of the track at its lowest point if the
car has a speed of 5 ft/s at the crest of the drop. Neglect friction
14-30. If the track is to be designed so that the passengers of the roller coaster do not
experience a normal force equal to zero or more than 4 times their weight, determine
the limiting heights hA and hc so that this does not occur. The roller coaster starts from
rest at position A. Neglect friction.