Linux

BootLoader
• Bios initiate boot loader at startup
• Create a temp file system in memory where Kernel will run
Kernel
• http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-linux-
kernel/figure2.jpg
Daemons/Processes
Linux Shell
• ls, pwd, mkdir, touch, cd, man, cp, mv, vi / nano / pico, cat, rm / rm -r
• w, uptime, free, top, df, ps
• Useradd / userdel / passwd / usermod (findout which files are
modified when you run useradd command)
• Groupadd, groups <username>, adduser <username> <groupname>
• sudo
File Permissions
• ls –l
Permissions
rwx
421=7

chmod 555 test

chgrp admin test
chown jagadeesh test

Assignment (what the 2nd and 5th columns means in ls –l command)

What is an inode
Explore Linux filesystem ext4
Hard, soft (symbolic) link, ext4 filesystem
http://www.thegeekstuff.com/2012/01/linux-inodes/
http://www.linuxhomenetworking.com/
http://www.linuxhomenetworking.com/wiki/index.php/Quick_HOWTO_:_Ch02_:_Introduction_to_Networking#.WKEaIBJ95bU
http://www.linuxhomenetworking.com/wiki/index.php/Quick_HOWTO_:_Ch03_:_Linux_Networking#.WKEaHxJ95bU
Assignment 2

- Create 5 users and 3 groups

- Give sudo permissions to all users on /usr/sbin/groupadd command (Hint: set group level permissions
in sudo)
- Create 10 files inside /root. Set the permissions only for user and group and disable for others.
- Create a soft link for the file /root/test.txt inside /home
- Create a hard link for the file /root/test.txt inside /tmp
- Difference between hardlink and softlink
Applications
Load, Process, Troubleshooting
• Linux Boot process
• Linux Networking
• Add a user to Linux manually without using useradd command:
Assignments: Linux networking

http://www.linuxhomenetworking.com/wiki/index.php/Quick_HOWTO_:_Ch02_:_Introduction_to_Networking#.WKEaIBJ95bU
http://www.linuxhomenetworking.com/wiki/index.php/Quick_HOWTO_:_Ch03_:_Linux_Networking#.WKEaHxJ95bU
Assignment

1) Add Swap space of 1 GB to your EC2 machine

2) Find out what the values RES, SHR, and VIRT indicates in top command
Assignment: Commonly Used linux commands

http://www.thegeekstuff.com/2010/11/50-linux-commands/?utm_source=feedburner
http://www.informit.com/blogs/blog.aspx?uk=The-10-Most-Important-Linux-Commands
http://searchenterpriselinux.techtarget.com/tutorial/77-useful-Linux-commands-and-utilities
Assignment: Linux FileSystem

Ext4 filesystem
what is an inode. , what is df -i command and how it relates to inode
Difference between softlink and hardlink
Assignment: Linux Process

- what is parent and child process

- what is a zombie process
- what are fork and exec functions
Assignment

Install Apache, PHP on your ec2 instance. Run a test php page
using Apache
To test your website on browser, first open port 80 in AWS
security group.