INSTRUMENTS AND TOOLS REQUIRED FOR

TROUBLE SHOOTING
“ Right tool for the right job”. So for proper maintenance of an
equipments certain instruments and tools are absolutely
necessary to carry out right job.
List of necessary instruments & tools are given below.
(A) LIST OF INSTRUMENTS

1. Multimeter – digital or analog

2. Megger – 500V, 1000V.
3. Earth tester
4. Tong tester (Clipon meter)
5. Tachometer
6. Phase sequence indicator
 7. Thermometer (centigrade type)
8. Growler
9. Megnetic compass
10. Line tester
11. Test lamp 12 Watt meter
13. Power factor meter
14. Cell tester
15. Hydrometer
16. Micrometer
17. Wire gauge
18. Dial gauge
19. Spring balance
20. Filler gauge
21. Oscilloscope
22. Standard meters
23. Spirit level etc.
1.MULTIMETER

Multimeter is the most common instrument for fault detection.

It is used to measure resistance , a.c. & d.c. voltage, a.c. & d.c.
currents. The latest digital multimeters also measures
capacitances type of transistor etc.

It is also used to check open circuit or short circuit in a circuit.

2.MEGGAR
It is used to measure insulation resistance of winding,
continuity, short circuit, earth fault etc. For working voltage
250V & 400/ 440V, 500 volts or 1000V meggar is used.
 3.EARTH TESTER
It is a portable equipment to measure earth resistance. It is
also used to detect fault in line jumpers & neutral wire.

4.TONG TESTER (CLIP ON METER) :

It is used to measure a.c. voltage or current without
connecting in the circuit.

5.TACHOMETER:
It is used to measure the speed of rotating electrical machines
in RPM.

6.PHASE SEQUENCE INDICATOR:

It is used to check the phase sequence of supply R-Y-B or R-B-
Y. This is necessary to decide the direction of rotation of
motor.
7.THERMOMETER:
It is used to measure the rise in temp. of different parts of
electrical machine during its operation.

8.GROWLER:
It is used to check, internal short, inter turn short of armature
coil, stator coil, etc.
The armature is to be put on the core of growler. The armature
is to be rotated slowly. The hex saw vibrates whenever there is
short circuit in an armature.

9.MAGNETIC COMPASS:
It is used to check the polarity of pole of rotating electrical
machines
10. LINE TESTER:
It is the best handy tool for wire man. It is used to decide
whether the terminal is live or dead. It is also used check
leakage on body.

11.TEST LAMP:
It is used for 'ON-LINE' testing. The fault can be decided by
intensity or brightness of lamp. It is also used to check
continuity or open circuit.

12. WATTMETER VOLT METER AMETER

AND POWER FACTOR METER:
They are used to measure the power voltage current and power
factor in a single phase or 3phase circuit respectively.
13. CELL TESTER:
It is used to check the voltage of a storage battery. It also
shows the condition of charge of battery, the internal
shorts/between plates etc.

14.HYDROMETER:
It is used to know the specific gravity of electrolyte. It also
shows the condition of charging of a battery.

15. MICROMETER:
It is used to measure the diameter of a wire or a bare
conductor. Then the gauge of conductor can be known.

16. WIRE GAUGE:

It is used to measure directly the gauge of a bare conductor.
17. DIAL GAUGE:
It is used to measure the air gap between stator & rotor.

18. SPRING BALANCE:

It is used to measure the pressure of carbon brush on
commutator or slip ring. It is also used to measure the torque of
a machine.

19. FILLER GAUGE:

It is used to measure air gap between stator & rotor of an
electrical machine. It is also used to measure wear of a shaft &
bearing. It can be used for the alignment of shaft.
There are two types of filler gauge. The long filler gauge is used
for measuring air gap while strip gauge are used for aligning two
shafts.
20. SPIRIT LEVEL:
It is used to know whether the machine is its axis of
shaft is in level or not, during installation.
The oscilloscope and standard meters etc are used to
detect the fault precisely & accurately.
(B) TOOLS AND MATERIAL:

1.Screw drivers different sizes,

2.Fixed spanners
3.Ring spanners
4.Pliers
5.Knife wire cutters
6.Smooth file for contacts
7.Commutator stone
8.Brush seating stone
9.Under cutting tools
10.Bearing puller

11.Sand paper, different sizes

12.Cleaning solvent

13.Insulating tape PVC, cotton etc.

14.Insulating varnish

15.Soldering iron

16.Insulated fuse pulley etc.

The above list of instruments & tools is a "general" list. For some
specific work. Specific tools & instruments are required may not be
mentioned here.
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