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Main components of CDMA System

‡MSS (Mobile Switching Sub-system)

‡BSS (Base Station Sub-system)
‡MS (Mobile Station)
‡OMC (Operation and Maintenance Center)
Mobile Switching Sub-system

CDMA switching function

Manages mobile subscriber data
Manages database for mobile service
Interfaces between CDMA network and other network
(such as PSTN, other PLMN etc.).
‡It includes 4 function units:
---MSC ---VLR
---HLR ---AUC
Mobile Switching Center(MSC)
‡It is responsible for setting up, managing and clearing connections
as well as routing the calls to the proper user.

‡ It provides the network interfaces, the charging function and the

function of processing the signaling.

‡ MSC gets data for call handling from 3 databases: VLR/HLR/AUC

.
Visitor Location Register(VLR)
‡VLR is a dynamic database used by MSC for information
index. It stores all related information of mobile subscribers
that enter its coverage area, which enables MSC to set up
incoming and outgoing calls.
‡Subscriber parameters include: subscriber number,
location area identity(LAI), user¶s status, services which
subscriber can use and so on.
‡When the subscriber leaves this area, it should register in
another VLR, and the previous VLR will delete all the data
about this subscriber.
‡ VLR can be built together with the MSC or set separately.
Home Location Register(HLR)

‡ HLR:It is a static database. When a user apply for mobile service, all
data about this subscriber will be stored in HLR.
‡Information:
Subscriber information (ESN, MDN, IMSI, MIN), service
information and valid term.
The mobile subscriber location (MSC/VLR address), so as to set up
the call route to the MS.
‡ HLR can be built together with the MSC or set separately.
 Authentication Center

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Operation and Maintenance Center (OMC)
OMC provides operation and maintenance services to the
network operator, manages the registered subscriber information
and conducts network planning to enhance the overall working
efficiency and service quality of the system.

Based on the main maintenance functions, there are two types of

operation and maintenance centers: OMC-S and OMC-R. The
OMC-S is mainly responsible for maintenance of MSS while the
OMC-R is mainly for BSS.

OMC is also known as ˜
.

Base Station Sub-system
It provides trunks between wireless part and fixed part of
PLMN network.

---BSC
BSC performs the controlling function and management.
---BTS
BTS is in charge of wireless transmission.
 Architecture of CDMA system

MS MSC PSTN

Um E Ai

Abis A B
BT S BSC MS C VLR




Q C D

M N 
MC MC HLR AUC

Um interface
Um interface defines the communication interface between MS and
BTS, also called air interface.
‡ It realizes the compatibility between all kinds of MS and
different BTS. It is an open interface
‡It realizes the physical connection between MS and CDMA
network.
Abis interface
‡The interface between BTS and BSC, used for remote
connection.

‡2.048 Mb/s PCM digital link

A interface
‡It is the interface between BSC and MSC

‡It is based on 2.048Mb/S PCM digital links

‡A-Interface is mainly used to transmit the following
information:
² BSS management information
² Call processing
² Mobility management
B interface
‡The interface between MSC and VLR.
‡ MSC transfer the location information of roaming
subscriber to VLR.
‡ Query subscriber data from VLR when setting up the
calls.
‡ Usually VLR is built with MSC together, so the
interface turns to be an internal interface and has no
standard rules.
C interface

‡The interface between MSC and HLR.

‡The interface is based on 2.048Mb/s PCM digital link.
‡When an MS is called, MSC must query the called MS¶s
routing message from HLR through this interface to locate the
called MS, and according to the record, HLR will return the
routing message(MSC/VLR number) to MSC.
D interface
‡The interface between VLR and HLR.
‡The interface is based on 2.048Mb/s PCM digital link.
‡The interface is used for exchange of subscriber location
information, authorization information and service data.
E interface
‡The interface between one MSC and another MSC. It is used for
channel change over between 2 MSCs
‡The interface is based on 2.048Mb/s PCM digital link.
‡When a mobile station roams from one MSC to another during
speech, the MSC will perform handover to keep the subscribers'
conversation uninterrupted. In this case, data exchanging must be
implemented between the MSCs.
Q interface
‡Interface between SC/OMC and MSC. .
‡The interface is based on 2.048Mb/s PCM digital link.
Ai interface:

The interface between MSC and PSTN, used for setting up

voice connection between PSTN and PLMN.