Professional Documents
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GREEN BUILDING
• Structure design
• Energy efficiency
• Water efficiency
• Material efficiency
• Waste and toxic reduction
70%**
LEED
LEED Green Building Certification
1. Design,
2. Construction,
3. Operation, and
What is LEED?
• LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) is a
voluntary, market-driven program that provides third-party
verification of green buildings.
BONUS
0-10
Why LEED?
LEED-certified buildings are designed to:
• Researches found…
– 8-9% operating cost decreases*
– 7.5% building value increases*
– 6.6% return on investment improves*
– 3.5% occupancy rate increases*
– 3% rent ratio increases**
Other benefits
• Green building occupants are healthier and
more productive
– In the U.S., people spend, on average, 90% or
more of their time indoors*
– Green buildings typically have better indoor air
quality and lighting
Types of LEED certifications
MAIN CATEGORIES:
• Sustainable Architecture and
Design
• Site Selection and Planning
• Water Conservation
• Energy Efficiency
• Building Materials and Resources
• Indoor Environmental Quality
• Innovation and Development
Dimensions of being ‘Green’
MAIN CREDIT CATEGORIES:
• Sustainable sites credits encourage strategies that minimize the impact on ecosystems and water
resources.
• Water efficiency credits promote smarter use of water, inside and out, to reduce potable water
consumption.
• Energy & atmosphere credits promote better building energy performance through innovative
strategies.
• Indoor environmental
quality credits promote
better indoor air quality and
access to daylight and views.
Good location
Good transportation
Good building design
SUSTAINABLE SITE
Outlines various “green” opportunities for reducing the negative
impact the building has on the environment.
The opportunities range from
Preventing erosion of top soil,
Preventing water contamination & creation of heat islands,
Effective use of a barren or waste lands etc.
THE BASIC PRINCIPLE
TIME and NATURE have changed land
Use what nature has given by working with existing topography,
plants and views.
Touch the earth lightly, rather than cutting deep and covering it with
concrete.
Water saving
technologies
Water Efficiency
Water efficiency can be defined as :
the accomplishment of a function, task, process, or result with the
minimal amount of water feasible.
An indicator of the relationship between the amount of water required
for a particular purpose and the amount of water used or delivered.
Water efficiency differs from water conservation in that it focuses on
reducing waste.
The key for efficiency is reducing waste not restricting use.
It also emphasizes the influence consumers can have in water efficiency by
making small behavioral changes to reduce water wastage and by choosing
more water efficient products.
Examples of water efficient steps include simple measures like, fixing
leaking taps.
Highly efficient Lightings and HVACs
ENERGY AND ATMOSPHERE
LEED recognizes the importance of optimizing energy performance
by allocating the greatest number of potential points within this
category to formulate a sustainable design
In general points can be earned through:
efficient design,
use of renewable energy,
deliberate mechanical and electrical system selection
proper commissioning and monitoring of devices
Environmentally friendly materials
Good waste management plans
Recycling programs
MATERIAL AND RESOURCES
40% of the carbon dioxide that contributes to our warming planet
comes from buildings.
Some of it is a secondary effect of operational needs such as
electricity, a/c, and heating, many ghg’s arise from resource
extraction, manufacturing and production of the building
materials themselves.
Choosing ingredients wisely makes all the difference in terms of
the overall impact of the building throughout its life. -
‘Environmental footprint’ or ‘life cycle assessment’
The materials are in the picture from the first round of planning
to the final stages of demolition or renovation of a building or
product.
Resource Reuse
Reuse building materials and products in order to reduce demand for virgin material and reduce
waste, thereby reducing impacts associated with the extraction and processing of virgin
resources.
Requirements :
Use salvaged or refurbished materials for 5-10% of building materials (by value)
Methods suggested like, reuse of partition panels, broken tiles, Used carpets.
Recycled content
Increase demand for building products that incorporated recycled content materials, therefore
reducing impacts resulting from extraction and processing of new virgin materials
Requirements :
Use materials with recycled content such that the sum of post –consumer recycled content plus
one-half of the post-industrial constitutes at least 5% of the total value of the materials in the
project.
The value of the recycled content portion of a material or furnishing shall be determined by
dividing the weight of recycled content in the item by the total weight of all material in the item,
then multiplying the resulting percentage by the total value of the item.
LOCAL/ REGIONAL MATERIALS
Increase demand for building materials and products that are extracted and manufactured within the
region, thereby supporting the regional economy and reducing environmental impact resulting
from transportation
Requirements :
Use a minimum of 20 %( extra points for going up to to 50 %) of building materials and products
that are manufactured regionally within a radius of 800 kms (manufacturing refers to the final
assembly of components)
• Innovation & Design address sustainable building expertise as well as design measures not covered
under the five LEED credit categories. Six bonus points are available in this category.
• Location & Linkages encourage construction on previously developed or infill sites and promotes
walkable neighborhoods with access to efficient transportation options and open space.
NEG Micon,
Chennai
IGP Office,
Gulbarga
L&T EDRC ,
Chennai Rajiv Gandhi
International Airport –
Hyderabad
CASE STUDY
CII SOHRABJI GODREJ
BUILDING
GREEN BUSINESS CENTER
Wind Towers
Water Body
Roof garden
Solar PV
Water Efficiency
Sustainable Site
Energy Efficiency
Materials & Resources
Indoor Environmental
Quality
Green Building Tour
Central courtyard.
Rain
water
seeps Water
in the utilized
openin for the
gs. plants
inside.
Solar
Photovoltaic
Wind System
Wind tower with evaporative cooling
Consider healthy lighting, color and sound, controlled temperature and humidity
and good indoor air quality to enhance the living environment
Vegetation that was lost to the built area was replaced by gardens on 55 percent of the roof area.
The building achieves a 35 percent reduction of municipally supplied potable water, in part
through the use of low-flush toilets and waterless urinals.
Thirty percent of users have shifted to alternative modes of transportation: bicycles, and cars that
run on liquefied petroleum gas, a low-polluting alternative to conventional gasoline and diesel.
A waste management plan ensured that 96 percent of construction waste was recycled.
ITC GREEN CENTER ITC GREEN CENTER is a hotels division
Headquarter located in sector-32, Gurgoan.
• One of the strongest aspects of ITC Green Centre is its design. All our systems are integrated in a way
so that they can function as naturally as possible.
• For example, the L-shaped architecture of the building serves more than one function in more
than one area of the immediate environment. The central atrium allows natural light to form in the
heart of the building, thereby reducing the use of artificial light. It also ensures that one part of the
façade is always in the shade, preventing too much heat from
entering the structure, and the cooling effect is supported moreover by the discreet bodies of
water placed in front of the building.
WATER CONSERVATION
• ITC harvests 100% of the rain that falls on the building and recycle 100% of all the water used in the
building.
• Along with the rainwater harvesting at ITC Green Centre, there are interlocking tiles placed across
the landscape of our building to harvest rain water through the grass that grows between the tiles while
ensuring 0% surface run-off.
AIR QUALITY
• The low levels of Volatile Organic Compounds in the materials used in the construction
of ITC Green Centre, in adhesives, sealants used for carpets, composite woods and
paints ensures that there aren’t any known harmful substances in the air that might affect
inhabitants of the building.
Anna Centenary Library
Location : Chennai.
43 points
Low-energy architecture has been achieved through an environmentally responsive design, using
both passive design features and resource efficient active elements.
Passive design features include building shape and form (optimizing surface to volume ratios),
appropriate orientation and integrated shading devices achieving maximum daylight penetration
with minimum heat ingress.
Active Energy elements include efficient Air conditioning system, Heat recovery wheels, Lighting
fixtures with daylight and motion sensors, Intelligent building management system, Waste water
recycling system, Sensor based sanitary fixtures and Building materials with low embodied energy
like Fly ash blocks, PP cement, Solar efficient glass, Low VOC Paints and chemicals, Recycled Carpets
etc.
Thus sensitive architectural design and efficient building services solutions have resulted in a
sustainable, low-energy building.
Anna Centenary Library
The Anna Centenary Library is currently the largest library in Asia
The building is made in an environmentally responsive way which employs both passive
design features and resource efficient active elements to increase its sustainability.
Designed by CRN, the 9-floor Anna Centenary Library building houses a total area of 30,950
square meters (333,140 square feet) and has a capacity to accommodate 1.5 million books.
At any given point, the library can accommodate 1200 people, not including an auditorium
that can separately seat 1280 people. The project achieved the LEED Gold rating given by
Indian Green Building Council under New Construction rating.
The interior of the structure is constructed using locally available, eco-friendly, recycled
furniture .
The shape and form of the building have been designed with optimized surface to volume ratios in mind,
as well as passive solutions which increase the building’s sustainability.
Reading areas which are facing North and East are located next to structurally glazed facades which
provide abundance of daylight. The Southwest side of the building has thermal buffer zones of service
cores and a 9 floor high atrium with an outward sloping glass wall which protect the building from the
heat gain. Roof overhangs, Pergolas, and metal louvers are also used to lower heat and glare.
In order to lower heat island effect of the building, the library terrace area is painted with high albedo
paints and the Auditorium terrace and Library terrace level at 1st, 2nd and 3rd floor are covered with
green roof.
The soil used on these surfaces has been collected during the excavation of the project, where top 20
cm (nearly 8 inches) of the soil has been saved for landscaping applications.
The project used building materials with recycled content value of 12 % by cost of the total material
cost, and 75 % of the construction waste were reused within the site or sent for recycling. 77 % of the
building materials were sourced locally to support the regional economy and reduce the environmental
impact.
The library has rain water sump and percolation pits which are used for rain water harvesting and
increase in ground water table. A collection well/sand filter is provided at the lowest point of the site,
which helps to remove the sediments from storm runoff moving out of the site.
The Anna Centenary Library has onsite sewage treatment plant of to treat the wastewater produced
from the building, and only treated waste water is used for landscape irrigation and toilet flushing
requirements. The water consumption in irrigation is lowered with high efficiency landscape drip and
sprinkler system, which combined with water efficient fixtures use 64 % less water compared to a
standard building.
The quality of indoor air is ensured with usage of low VOC products (Paints, Adhesives and sealants), CRI
certified carpet and MDF & plywood free from urea formaldehyde resins are used in the building. Only
eco friendly house keeping chemicals are allowed inside the building premises.
Landscaped terraces reduce heat island effect
Saint-Gobain’s solar-control glass
blocks the heat from entering the buildings,
while allowing abundant light to pass in.
An artificial tree is established at the
middle of the library to promote
awareness about conservation of trees.
GRIHA
GREEN RATING FOR INTEGRETED
HABITAT BUILDING (GRIHA)
GREEN BUILDING
INTRODUCTION :
• to reduce their carbon footprint and actually lend a helping hand to the
environment
• Occupant Comfort
Environmental Benefits:
Economic Benefits:
Social Benefits:
• GRIHA is developed by TERI (The energy and resources Institute) for the ministry of new and
Renewable energy. This is the indigenous national rating system developed by the ministry to
cover the climatic variations, architectural practices, existing practices of construction and
attempting to revive the passive architecture.
They encourage non energy demanding air conditioning systems and the solar heating
systems. Passive cooling and heating can be replicated for the masses and can reduce the
energy load of the country.
GRIHA is also focusing on the growing residential sector by providing simple, affordable and
versatile approach to the citizens through their website, which is instrumental in creating
awareness among citizens as well as giving them an alternative viewpoint.
GRIHA (Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment)
NAME: GRIHA
COUNTRY: INDIA
ESTABLISHED: 2007
Set of 34 criteria
100 (+4 innovation points)
Point system with differential weight age on various Criteria
50-60
61-70
71-80
81-90
91-100
GRIHA - RATING CRITERIA
Criterion 28
Ensure water quality 2
Criterion 30
Tobacco and smoke control 1
3. Building Criterion 32
operation and Energy audit and validation Mandatory
maintenance
Criterion 33 Operation and Maintenance 2
4. Innovation Criterion 34
Innovation Points 4
GRIHA - OVERVIEW
DESIGN A GREEN BUILDING
By adopting the integrated design approach such that the client, architect,
engineers, and consultants design the building in a coordinated manner with a
common goal – sustainability.
By adopting locally available construction materials and giving impetus
to local arts, crafts, architecture and artisans
GRIHA final rating : 5 Stars World’s Largest LEED Platinum Rated and India’s
first GRIHA 5-Star rated Hotel
Strategies adopted to reduce the impact of the building on
natural environment:
Existing trees preserved and transplanted
Sustainable Site Planning:
Recessed windows
Passive architectural design strategies adopted in the building:
• Based on the concept of Net Zero Building (NZEB), aims to be self-reliant in every aspect of its
overall functioning as a sustainable structure
Towards Energy positive Approach
•More than 50% area outside the building is soft with plantation and
grassing
•circulation roads and pathways soft with grass paver blocks to enable
ground water recharge
Towards Energy positive Approach
Brown and beige colored stone jaalis The terrace garden utilizes
covering preserved top soil extracted
the vertical movement cores, thus during the initial excavation
eliminating the need to air condition
these spaces
Environmental Response
Site and Water Management
WORKING CRITERIA
CREDITS ALLOCATION
Rating system
INTRODUCTION
Architects: 3D Reid
Location: Miller Street, Manchester, UK
Area: 328000.0 ft2
Project Year: 2012
Client: The Co-operative Group
Project manager: Gardiner & Theobald
Structural and M&E engineer: Buro Happold
Contractor: BAM
passive ventilation
solar shading
SUSTAINABILITY FEATURES
NATURAL LIGHT
SUSTAINABILITY FEATURES