7

INPUT AND
OUTPUT
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Competencies

Define input
Describe keyboard entry, pointing devices, &
scanning devices
Discuss image capturing devices, digitizing
devices, & audio input devices

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 7-3

Competencies cont.

Define output
Describe monitors, printers, and audio output
devices
Discuss combination input & output devices

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 7-4

What is Input?

Any data or instructions used by a computer

Input devices
Hardware
Keyboards
Mice
Scanners
Other devices
Translates data into a form that the system unit can
process

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 7-5

Keyboard Entry

Keyboards
Traditional keyboards
Flexible keyboards
Ergonomic keyboards
Wireless keyboards
PDA keyboards
Features
Typewriter keyboard with numeric pad
Special purpose keys
Toggle and combination keys
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 7-6

Traditional Keyboard

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 7-7

Pointing Devices

Mouse
Mechanical
Optical
Cordless
or wireless
Joystick
Touch Screen
Light Pen

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Scanning Devices

Optical scanners
Flatbed
Portable

Bar code readers

Handheld wand readers or platform scanners
Contain photoelectric cells that read bar codes

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 7-9

Scanning Devices

Character and mark recognition devices

Scanners that recognize special characters &
marks
Magnetic ink character recognition (MICR)
Optical-character recognition (OCR)
Optical-mark recognition (OMR)

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 7-10

Image Capturing Devices

Digital camera
Images recorded digitally on a disk
Images can be downloaded to a computer
Digital video camera
Records motion digitally
Can take still images as well
WebCams
Specialized digital video cameras
Broadcast images over the Internet

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 7-11

Digitizing Devices

Graphics Tablets

Digital Notepads

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Audio Input Devices

Voice
Voice recognition systems
Discrete-speech recognition systems
Continuous-speech recognition system
Music
Musical Interface Digital Interface (MIDI)

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 7-13

What is Output?

Processed data or information

Types of output
Text
Graphics
Audio & video
Output devices
Monitors
Printers

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 7-14

What is Output?
Input (data) is processed inside the computer’s CPU
into meaningful output (information).

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Output Devices
The most widely used output devices for
microcomputers include:-
Monitors – output images formed on the screen.
Printers – output images formed on paper.
Audio system – output in form of sounds.
Combination and assistive output devices.

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 7-16

Monitors

Known as screens or display screens

Most frequently used output device
Output referred to as soft copy
Features
Resolution
Dot pitch
Refresh rate
Size

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Features of Monitors
Two important characteristics of a monitor are size and clarity.
Clarity refers to the quality and sharpness of the displayed image and it
depends on:-
Resolution – measured in pixels and expressed as the
• Columns of pixels x rows of pixels
• E.g. 1024 x 1280 resolution screen displays 1,310,720 pixels.
Dot pitch is the distance between each pixel. Given in millimeters
E.g. 0.31mm dot pitch – distance between two pixels on the monitor
Refresh rate indicates how often a displayed image is updated or redrawn.
Size or viewable size. Monitor size is measured in inches. E.g.
17” monitor – size of the monitor
16.1” v.i.s – viewable image size – area where the image/document is
displayed

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 7-18

More on Monitors

Cathode-ray tube or CRTs

Flat-panel
Liquid crystal display (LCD)
Portable and thinner than CRTs
Other monitors
E-books
Data projectors
High-definition television (HDTV)

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 7-19

Monitors
Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)
Most common type of monitor for homes and offices.
Advantage is its low cost and excellent resolution.
Disadvantage is that it is bulky and occupies considerable
amount of desk space.
Flat Panel Monitors or LCD’s
Uses technology that involves liquid crystals.
Advantages
Much thinner and weigh less
Consume less power that CRT’s
But are more expensive.
Visit this site for more information http://www.mhhe.com/oleary/CE05

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 7-20

Printers

Translates information that has been processed

by the system unit
Output referred to as hard copy
Features
Resolution
Color capability
Speed
Memory

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Printers Features
Resolution
Measured in dots per inch (dpi), typically 300, 600 or 1200.
More the dots, better the image but the more ink is used.
Photo printing uses even higher dpi (2400 or 4800 dpi)
Color capability
Black and white or color
Speed
Measured in pages per minute (ppm)
Memory
Printers have on-board RAM to buffer the print.
Stores printing instructions and documents in queue.
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 7-22

Printers
Ink-jet printer
Laser printer
Personal laser printers
Shared laser printers
Thermal printer
Other printers
Dot-matrix
Plotters
Photo printers
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 7-23

Audio Output Devices

Translates audio information into sounds that

people can understand
Common devices
Speakers
Headphones

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Combination Input and Output

Devices
Fax machines
Multifunction devices
Internet telephones
Telephony
Voice-over IP (VoIP)
Terminals

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Internet Telephones
Referred to as Telephony, Internet telephony, IP
telephony & voice over IP
Uses internet to connect two or more people via
telephone.
Requires
Internet
Special service provider
Sound card
Special software

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 7-26

Terminals

An input and output device

Connects to a mainframe or server
Types of terminals
Dumb terminal
Intelligent terminal
Network terminal
Internet terminal

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 7-27

A Look to the Future

Neural Signals Inc.
Brain machine interface
Allows humans to control machines with their
thoughts
Individuals incapable of communication
Physically immobile people

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Key Terms
active matrix monitor
(190)
audio input device (185)
audio-output device
(193)
bar code (183)
bar code reader (183)
bar code scanner (183)
cathode ray tube monitor
(CRT) (189)
© 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
7-28
character recognition device
(183)
clarity (189)
color capability (printer)
(191)
combination device (193)
combination key (175)
continuous-speech
recognition system (188)

Key Terms
cordless mouse (180)
data projector (190)
digital camera (184)
digital notepad (185)
digital video camera
(184)
digitizing device (185)
discrete-speech
recognition system (188)
display screen (189)
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7-29
dot-matrix printer (192)
dot pitch (189)
dots-per-inch (dpi) (191)
download (184)
dual-scan monitor (190)
dumb terminal (195)
e-book (190)
e-book reader (190)
 7-30

Key Terms
facsimile (fax) machine host computer (195)
(194) image capturing device
flat-panel monitor (190) (184)
Flatbed scanner (183) ink-jet printer (191)
graphics tablet (185) input device (178)
hard copy (191) input (178)
Headphones (193) intelligent terminal (195)
high-definition television Internet telephone (194)
(HDTV) (190) Internet telephony (194)
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 7-31

Key Terms
Internet terminal (195) Magnetic-ink character
IP Telephony (194) recognition (MICR)
joystick (181) (183)
keyboard (178) mark recognition device
(183)
laser printer (192)
mark sensing (183)
light pen (182)
mechanical mouse (180)
liquid crystal display
(LCD) (190) memory (printer) (191)
Musical Interface Digital
Interface MIDI (188)
© 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
 7-32

Key Terms
MIDI device (188) numeric keypad (178)
monitor (189) optical character
mouse (180) recognition (OCR) (183)
mouse pad (180) Optical-mark recognition
mouse pointer (180) (OMR) (183)
multifunction device optical mouse (180)
(MFD) (194) optical scanner (182)
network computer (195) output (188)
network terminal (195) output device (188)

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 7-33

Key Terms
passive-matrix monitor plotter (192)
(190) pointing (180)
PC/TV (190) pointing device (180)
personal laser printer pointing stick (180)
(192) portable scanner (183)
photo printer (192) printer (191)
pixel (picture element) reader/sorter (183)
(189)
refresh rate (189)
platform scanner (183)
resolution (monitor)(189)
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 7-34

Key Terms
resolution (printer) (191) speakers (193)
roller ball (180) speed (printer) (191)
scanner (182) telephony (194)
scanning device (182) terminal (195)
screen (189) thermal printer (192)
server (195) thin client (195)
shared laser printer (192) thin film resistor monitor
size (viewable size) (189) (TFT) (190)
soft copy (189) toggle key (179)
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 7-35

Key Terms
touch pad (180) wand reader (183)
touch screen (181) Web appliance (195)
touch surface (180) WebCam (184)
trackball (180) Web camera (184)
Universal Product Code Web terminal (195)
(UPC) (183) wireless mouse (180)
voice recognition system
(185)
voice-over IP (VoIP)
(194)
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 7-36

FAQs

What are pointing devices?

I would like to insert several images in a
document. How can I capture the images?
What are digitizing devices?
What is voice recognition?
What is the difference between a CRT and an
LCD display?
What is HDTV?
© 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
 7-37

Discussion Questions

Describe the three different mouse types

designed for input.
How does Internet telephony work? Discuss.
Discuss the features of multifunctional devices.
Describe the features of a monitor that help to
make images appear clearer on the screen.
What are MIDI devices and how are they used?

© 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.