Department of Technical Education

Andhra Pradesh
Name of the Staff : G.S. Radha
Designation : Lecturer
Branch : Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Institute : GPW, Kadapa
Semester : VI
Subject : A C Machines II
Subject Code : EE603
Topic : 1 Phase Induction Motors
Sub Topic : Types of Single Phase
Induction Motors
Duration : 100 Minutes
Teaching aids : PPT, Animation, Diagrams
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1
 Recap

• 1 Ph induction motor motors

are not self starting due to the
absence of rotating field
• Some arrangement is made to
make it self start
• There by rotating field is
developed and the motor starts
on its own

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 Objectives

On completion of this period you would be able to

know

• Types of Single phase induction Motors

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 Requirements for Producing Rotating
Magnetic Field

• For producing rotating magnetic field two things are

essential

• There must be two windings

• They must have space displacement and also phase

displacement of 90°

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Two Magnetic Field

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 Classification of 1 Ph Induction Motors

According to the methods of starting

• Resistance split phase motor or split phase motor

• Capacitor start motor

• Capacitor motor

• Capacitor start capacitor run motor

• Shaded pole motor

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 Split Phase Motor

Stator carries two windings

• 1 Main winding

• 2 Auxiliary (or starting winding) for starting purpose

• These two windings are displaced in space by 90°

• The rotor is mostly squirrel cage type

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Split Phase Motor

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Squirrel Cage Rotor

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Squirrel Cage Rotor

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Resistance Start Split Phase Motor

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Split Phase Motor Having Four Terminals

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Resistance Split Phase Motor
Phasor Diagram

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 Resistance Split Phase Motor

• For getting phase (time) displacement

• Starting winding is designed as highly resistive

• Main winding is reactive

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 Resistance Split Phase Motor

• Main winding current is Irun

• Irun lags V by nearly 90°

• Starting winding current is Istart

• Running working currents is Iron

• Istart is almost in phase with VT (Voltage)

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 Split Phase Motor

• Irun & Istart produce two fluxes

• They should have a phase difference of nearly 90°for
ideal split phase motor (but the angle is between 20º -
30º )
• The conditions of space and phase displacement are
achieved
• So rotating magnetic field is produced
• Motor develops torque
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 Split Phase Motor
Rotating Magnetic Field

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 Working Principle of Split Phase Motor
The auxiliary winding is not designed for
continuous operation
• 1 Phase supply given to the motor

• When the motor picks up speed, auxiliary winding is

automatically disconnected by the centrifugal switch

• To prevent the motor drawing excessive currents

• To protect the motor windings from overheating

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 Reversal of Rotation

• It can be obtained by

• Reversing either the main winding

or

Auxiliary winding

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 Advantages

Operate at nearly constant speed

• Reversible at low speed

• Rapid acceleration

• Low cost

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 Disadvantages

Repeated start/stop cycles heat the windings(high start

resistance)

• Less useful for large inertial loads

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 Split Phase Motor
Applications

• Fans

• Blowers

• Washing machines

• Oil burners

• Electric tools etc

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Split – Phase Motor

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 Summary

We have discussed about

• Types of single phase induction motors

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 Quiz

1.Single phase induction motors are made self

starting by

A) Increasing rotor resistance

B) Using an external device

C) Using auxiliary winding

D) Any of the above

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 Quiz

2.The two windings main winding &auxiliary

winding are connected in
A) Parallel

B) Series

C) Either in series or in parallel

D) Through inductive coupling

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 Quiz

3.The stator winding of a 1-ph IM is splitted into

two parts
A) Improve efficiency

B) Improve power factor

C) Develop starting torque

D) Increase speed

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 Quiz

4.When 1-ph IM picks up Speed which winding is

cut out of the circuit

A) Rotor

B) Main winding

C) Auxiliary winding

D) All of the above

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 Quiz
5.In a split phase motor the ratio of number of
turns on auxiliary winding to that on main
winding is

A Unity

B Less than one

C More than one

D Two

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 Quiz

6.The torque –speed characteristic of two phase

induction motor is largely effected by
A) Voltage

B) Speed

C) X/R ratio

D) Supply frequency

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 Quiz

7.Split phase motors are seldom used in size

larger than

A 1/8 KW

B 1/4 KW

C 1/2 KW

D 1 KW
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 Quiz
8.Single phase induction motors are classified on basis of

• A) Construction

• B) Starting methods

• C) Size

• D) Rpm

• E) Both construction and starting methods

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 Quiz

9.A rotating magnetic field is produced by current

in the two windings displaced by 90 this is the
principle of
A) Phase sequence

B) Phase splitting

C) Phase timing

D) None of these
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 Quiz

10.When a single phase induction motor picks up

speed, it's starting winding is disconnected and
the motor continues running on ___winding
A) Rotor

B) Armature

C) Main

D) Compensating winding
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 Quiz

11.In case of split phase motor, the phase shift

between currents in the two windings is around

A 30 °

B 70°

C 90°

D 120°
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 Fill up the Blanks

1.The main winding of split phase induction motor has

high _ ____________ (resistance, reactance)
• Reactance
2.The auxiliary winding of split phase induction motor has
high ____________ (resistance, reactance)
• Resistance
3.For ideal split phase induction motors, the angle between
main winding current & auxiliary winding current is
________
• 90º

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 True or False
• The stator of a split phase induction motor carries only
one winding
• False
• A single phase motor has no starting torque of its own
• True
• In split phase induction motor, the auxiliary winding has a
lower resistance to reactance ratio
• False
• Split phasing in a split phase motor is done by
transformer
• False
• In case of one phase induction motor, inductance may
be used in series with the main winding
• False

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 Frequently Asked Questions

• Explain split phase motor operation ?

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 Assignment

• Based on methods of starting ,what are the starting

methods of one phase induction motor

• What is the basic principle in all these methods

• What are the requirements of auxiliary winding in case of

split phase motor

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