The educational history and aims

of Malaysian education system

 Historical background
• 1511- The invasion of Portuguese (end of
Malacca sultanate)
• 1641 – Colonialization of Holland
• 1786 – Beginning of British era
• 1941- 1945 – Japanese invasion
• 1955 – UMNO (Parti Perikatan)
• 1957 – Independence
 Education system
• Before the British
• During British era (from 1786 – 1956/57)
– First phase 1786-1941
– Second phase 1946 – 1956/57
– Include during the Japanese invasion (1941-1945)
• After the Independence
– First phase 1957-1969
– After 1969
– After 1979
 During British era
• First phase 1786 – 1941
– Vernacular schools – Malay vernacular, Chinese
vernacular and Indian vernacular
– English schools (private as well as government)
• Japanese invasion 1941-1945
• After Japanese invasion until 1956/57
– Cheeseman Report (1945)
– Barnes Report (1949)
– Fenn-Wu Report (1951)
– Education Ordinance (1952)
– Razak Report (1956)
 After Independence
• Rahman Talib Report
– Educational Act 1961
• Free schooling – primary level
• Primary schools – Sek. Kebangsaan & Jenis
Kebangsaan
• Students are automatically allow to proceed to
different level
• General examination in secondary school level is
in Malay
• Emphasizes on moral education
• Islamic education = compulsory for all Muslim
students
 After Independence
• Cabinet Report 1979
– Emphasizes 3M (calculate, reading and writing)
– Curriculum tailor-made according to Malaysian needs
– Secondary level – academic and vocational
– Duration of schooling – from 9 years to 11 years
– Educational administration – refine at various levels
• Educational Act 1996
– Vision 2020
– Primary level – 5 to 7 years
– National Philosophy of Education – root for education
system
 Educational aims
• Individual
• Social
• Economic
• Political
• Governmental needs and aspirations
• Social solidarity and decrease of racial gap
• Emphasizes the science and mathematics
• Democratic belief and maintenance
 Summary
• The transition of education system in
Malaysia