THE UNITED STATES OF

AMERICA
The Geography
BORDERS
The United Stases of America is an enormous country:
it’s the third biggest state in the world.
America is border from the Pacific Ocean (in the west),
Atlantic Ocean (in the east), Canada (in the north) and
Mexico (in the south).
CLIMATES
In USA there are many different climate zones.
In fact is very hot and dry in the south west, freezing
cold in the north east and hot and humid in the centre.
THE TIME ZONES
In USA there are four time zones. So, when in San
Francisco is breakfast time, in New York is
lunchtime.
MOUNTAINS
In United States of America there are many diffrents
mountains. The hightest point is Mount McKinley in
Alaska, but are too famous the Rocky Mountains and
the Appalachian Mountains. The lowest point is Dealth
Valley in California, near Sierra Nevada.
THE RIVER AND THE GREAT
LAKES
USA is famous for is river. Mississippi river is in the south. In
United States there are too the Niagara Falls and the Great
Lakes.
Great Lakes are:
• Ontario
• Erie
• Superior
• Huron
• Michigan
The Impourtant City
San Francisco: stands on a penisula in California. It’s famous for
cable cars and bridge.
Los Angeles: in California is a fantastic city near Hollywood and is
famous for its window shopping in luxury shops.
Honolulu: is the state capital of Hawaii. The weather is fantastic all
year and it is famous for is beaches.
Boston: is on The Atlantic coast. The city is famous for its waterfront
where we can do water sport and for the university.
Chicago: is near the Lake Michigan and is famous for monuments
and restaurant.
Orlando: is famous for Walt Disney Resort, Seaworld Orlando and
for theme park.
Miami & Miami Beach: is the state capital of Florida. It is famous for
Art Deco and for American Bar, Beaches and for disco.
New Orleans: is the city where was born the jazz. Is near the
Mississippi River in the south of America.
Washington, DC
Whasington, DC is the capital of United States of
America. It was namened after the first president
George Washington. The «DC» means District of
Columbia. In Washington there are a lot of monuments
dedicated at the impourtant presidents and there are
branches of American goverment.
AMERICAN GOVERMENT
The seats of political goverment are: The White House (the
executive branch), The US Capital (the legislative branch)
and The Supreme Court (the judical branch). The US Capital
is called «Congress» and it has two section: the House of
Representive and the Senate. In White House live and work
the President (now is Donald Trump). It has the role to
enforce the laws. Finally The Supreme Court is the home of
judical branch. Nine judges meet here and make the final of
difficult law cases.
THE ROLE OF PRESIDENT IN USA
The American President is elected every four years for
only twice. In USA President Election are a long
process. President must be leave 35 years old and
must be born in USA. He represents his political party.
The political parties of USA are Democrats and
Republicans.
THE PILGRIM FATHERS
The Pilgrin Fathers went to the New World with the
ship called «Mayflower». There were 101 people on
board. At the New World Pilgrin Fathers lived in the
ship and they brought house. They were doctors and
business man and they didn’t grow the ground. The
population of New World called «Samoset» or
«Squanto» taught Pilgrin Father us how can live in New
World.
THE ROAD TO INDIPENDENCE
With the protest called the «Boston Tea Party» began
the tension between the 13 colonies and Britain. The
American War of Indipendence started in 1775 and on
4th July 1776 the Colonies made the Declaration of
Indipendence. Thomas Jefferson wrote the Constitution
and with the Treaty of Paris the war officially endend
and George Washington became the First President of
United States of America.
GEORGE WASHINGTON
George Washington grew up in Virginia and he became
a landowner. In 1789, Washington became America’s
President. The ceremony took place in New York City.
He was elected a second time in 1792. Washington
refused to be a President a third times gave too much
power to one man. After George Washington died, the
government planned and built a new capital city for
America, which they called Washington, District of
Columbia, in his honor.
FROM EAST TO WEST
When thousands of people, who were know as
pioneers, moved west to Oregon to start a new life. The
journey took about five months. They travelled along
the «Oregon Trail». Many pioneers died on the way.
Finally, travelling from coast to coast became easier
thanks to the Transcontinental Railroad.
NATIVE PEOPLE AND THE TRANSCONTINENTAL RAILROAD

In 1848 the Gold Rush started. People from all over the
world went to California when gold was found in the rivers.
A tiny village called San Francisco quickly became an
important city. The government decided to built a railroad
from New York City. It crossed the Great Plains and replaced
the difficult land and sea journeys of the past. A war started
between the Native Americans and the white man. In 1887,
the white men controlled the Great Plains. They gave small
pieces of inferior land called «reservations» to each tribe.
THE QUESTION OF SLAVERY
Before 1863, more than 12 million African people were
captured and taken on the British colonies or to
America as slaves. They had no access to education. A
famous anti-slavery campaignier was Harriet Tubman.
There was a lot of opposition to slavery on both sides
of the Atlantic. The man who gave freedom to the
slaves in the plantations was Abraham Lincoln
ABRAHAM LINCOLN
In 1854, the Republican Party was formed against
slavery. Lincoln joined it in 1856. He was nominated for
President and won election in 1860. The Civil war
began, but Lincoln, in 1863, declared all the slaves in
the southern territories free. A few days later, Lincoln
was assassinated.
IMMIGRATION
In 1845, many poor people left Ireland for the USA. A
large number of Europeans immigrants were also
Italian. At the first they came more from the south,
were there was a lot of poverty. Most worked as
labourers. They helped construct railways and
skyscrapers. Some New York’s Italian Mayors are Bill de
Bisio and Rudolph Giuliani.
THE GREAT DEPRESSION
The Great Depression was a period during the twenties
when there was great poverty in USA. It started with
the Wall Street crash. The President at the time was
Franklin D. Roosevelt. He invested a lot of government
money in programmes to create jobs, help poor people,
old people and farmers. This was called the «New
Deal».
THE USA AND WORLD WAR II
When World War II broke out in Europe, Roosevelt
promised to keep the USA out of war. However, when
Japan bombed American naval base, this event forced
Roosevelt to declare war. When Japan refused to
surrender, Truman decided to dropped an atomic
bomb on Hiroshima in Japan. Japan still refused to
surrender and three days later USA dropped a second
bomb on Nagasaki. Six days later Japan surrendered
to American forces
THE COLD WAR
When World War II ended, USA was worried about
the spread of communism from Eastern Europe. A
long period of tension called «the Cold War» began
between the USA and the Soviet Union.
In 1969 American Neil Armstrong was the first person
to walk on the moon. In 1991, the communist regime
in the Soviet Union collapsed and the Cold War
ended.