Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Religion e
- is believed to have originated from man’s
need to explain the world.
- unified system and beliefs and practices
related to sacred things, uniting into a
single moral community all those who
adhere to those beliefs and practices.
- belief in something that is more powerful
than mortals, hence a supernatural being.
Elements of Religion
Belief – practices dealing with ultimate meaning of
life.
The Sacred and the Profane – sacred referred to
supernatural while profane refers to the
irreverence for sacred things as manifested in
greed, selfishness, and adultery.
Rituals and ceremonies – observance of rituals is
important.
Examples of Rituals of the Catholics:
-The Holy Mass -Confirmation Rites -Wedding Rites
-Baptism -Station of the Cross
Moral Community
- all religions have a community of
believers who share common beliefs,
rituals to heighten group identification.
Religious Structure
- it includes body of ideas, beliefs,
dogmas, rituals, and ceremonies.
Religious Organizations
1. Church
2. Denomination
3. Sect
4. Cult
Church
2.80% 2.30%
Iglesia ni Kristo
2%
4.50%
5%
1.80%
Aglipayan
0.10%
0.60%
80.90% other Christian
Muslim
other
unspecified
none
Social Conflict Perspective
According to Marx:
• Opiate of the people
• Divisive factor
• Conflict between genders
Critics of Marx:
• Religion brought equality
(Abolition of slavery)
Opiate of the people
- To Marx people had the sense of reassurance
because of their religion.
- People become complacent for they were made
to believe the idea’s of an after life & sufferings
will be rewarded, & will enjoy eternal life.
- Ruling elites used religious ideology to favor the
capitalist, impede social change, dominate the
workers mislead them about their true interest.
- Social inequality is legitimized & passivity among
the workers is encouraged.
Divisive factor
Animistic religion:
• Early Filipinos believed in spirits called
anitos.
• Rituals where prayers and food offering to
appease the spirits.
• Amulets or Agimats were used as
protection against danger and other evils.
Islam
• An Arabic word which means
peace and submission to the
will of God and obedience to
his laws.
• 14th Century Arab traders
introduced Islam to the
Philippines and gained a
stronghold in Mindanao.
• Koran, their Holy book are
revelations of God to the
prophet Mohammed.
• Five pillars of Islam.
Christianity