Classification of Rocks

 Each rock type is classified by how they are formed

The 3 Rock Types

 Igneous
 Sedimentary
 Metamorphic

 What makes them different?

 What do they have in common?
 Igneous Rocks Sedimentary Rocks

Formed from the cooling Formed by the compaction and

and crystallization of lava cementation of sediments
or magma (molten rock) into layers of rock

•Intrusive or Extrusive •Clastic (rock fragments)

•Mafic or Felsic OR
All rocks •Nonclastic:
•Can be composed of minerals, •Chemical
volcanic glass, organic matter, •Organic
or other materials
•Can be changed
(over geologic time) into
another type of rock
•Recycled
Metamorphic Rocks

Formed by heat and pressure

changing other rocks

•Foliated or non-foliated
The Rock Cycle
All rocks are in a constant (although
extremely slow) state of change due to:
 Weathering and erosion (breaks rocks
into sediments)
 Compaction and cementation (creates
new Sedimentary rocks)
 Movement of Earth’s crust (causes
pressure and heat)
 Volcanic activity (melts rocks into magma
and creates igneous rocks)
 The Rock Cycle shows how one rock type
can transform into another type of rock.
Rock
Cycle
Rock Cycle
Sedimentary
Igneous
Igneou
Metamorphic
Geothermal
Rock Type Venn Diagram

Igneous Rock Sedimentary

All Rock Rock
Types

Metamorphic
Rock