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CARDIAC CONTRACTION
3
3 TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUE
Smooth muscle
attached to hair follicles in skin
in walls of hollow organs -- blood vessels & GI
nonstriated in appearance
Involuntary
Extracell fluid calsium important for contraction
Control of smooth muscle is involuntary, via
paracrine control, hormones, and the autonomic
nervous system
4
MUSCLE FIBER OR MYOFIBERS
20-8
CARDIAC MUSCLE
20-9
located nuclei
Contains actin and myosin myofilaments
Muscle
fibers are full of myofibrils, but also contain
a number of notable chemicals and structures:
sarcolemma = plasma membane
transverse tubules = tunnel-like extensions of the
sacrolemma
sarcoplasm = cytoplasm
sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) = a network of
membranous sacs around the myofibrils. The SR
stores calcium ions.
THICK & THIN MYOFILAMENTS
THE PROTEINS OF MUSCLE
Also in microvilli
Autorhythmic cells
contract without stimulation
Contracts 75 times per min & needs lots O2
1 Myosin heads
Key: hydrolyze ATP and
= Ca2+ become reoriented
and energized ADP
P
2 Myosin heads
ATP
Contraction cycle continues if
ATP is available and Ca2+ level in ADP
the sarcoplasm is high
ATP
ADP
4 As myosin heads
bind ATP, the
crossbridges detach 3 Myosin crossbridges
from actin rotate toward center of the
Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. sarcomere (power stroke)
MUSCLE METABOLISM:
ENERGY FOR CONTRACTION