ENGINEER MUHAMMAD REHAN

engr.mrehan@yahoo.com
Pre Test
1. What is a Gasket
2. How Gasket Prevent leakage
3. Gasket Specifications
4. Sizes of Gasket
5. Materials of Gasket
6. Temperature-Pressure rating of Gasket
7. Types of Gasket
8. Selection of Gasket
9. Piping Services at EPCL Plant
10. Gaskets used at EPCL Plant
11. Piping Specification at EPCL Plant
12. Installation of Gasket
13. Precautions for Gasket
14. Loss due to Gasket Leakage
15. Gasket Leaks Incidents
Post Test
Questions can be asked anytime throughout the Training
 Gaskets are used to create a static seal between two stationary
members of a mechanical assembly and to maintain that seal
under operating conditions which may vary dependent upon
changes in pressures and temperatures.
 Does Two flanges seal without gasket?
 If Yes then Why?
 If No then Why not?
SPECIFICATIONS EXAMPLE

Type of Gasket Full Face Gasket

Material EPDM

Size 3” (Vary from ½” to 24”)

Temperature- Pressure rating 150# (Vary from 150-2500 Class)

Standard B16.21 (Non-metallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe

Flanges)
 ½ “ -24”
 As per application
 Will be discuss along with types
 ASME Pressure Classes: 150-2500
 Class 150 means this Gasket can sustain up to
150 psi maximum if the service temperature is
around 550F.
 Maximum working pressure increases with
decrease in temperature
 At 100F service temperature, the gasket can
sustain 285 psi
7.1 Metallic
7.2 Semi Metallic
7.3 Non metallic
7.4 Liquid Gasket or
Sealant
7.1.1 Solid Metal Ring
7.1.2 Hollow Metal O-
Ring
7.1.3 Corrugated Metal
 Shape: Octagonal and Oval
 Size: R, RX or BX number

 Material: SS-304/316/321/347/410/F-5, Soft iron

‘D’, Hasteloy Inconel & Monel
 Maximum P-T rating: 150-5000 Class
 Standard: ASME B16.20
 Application: Flanges of ASME B 16.5, ASME B
16.47, or API Specification 6A).
 Material: Various grades of Inconel and
Stainless Steel
 Maximum Pressure: High Vacuum to 700MPa
 Maximum Temperature: Cryogenic to 1000C
 Application: Mechanical Seals
 Material: Soft aluminum,
copper or brass, Metal
Iron or soft steel, Inconel,
Monel, SS304/ 316L
 Maximum T-P rating:
Class 150-2000
 Application: Valves,
Pumps, Heat Exchangers,
Flanges, Vessels
 7.2.1 Spiral Wound
 7.2.2 Jacketed Metal Gasket
 Application: Flanges of ASME B16.5 & B16.47
 Standard: ASME B16.20
 Maximum P-T rating: Class 150-2500
 Application: Heat exchangers,
Boilers and flues, Autoclaves and
other pressure vessels. Gas mains,
Pumps, Valve bonnets and duties
involving high temperature and dry
heat.
 7.3.1 Rubber Gaskets
 7.3.2 Graphite Sheet
Gasket
 7.3.3 PTFE Sheet Gasket
 7.3.4 Compressed Joint
Sheet Gasket
 7.3.5 Sealant Tapes
  Material:
i. Natural Rubber (-70F – 200F)
ii. Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) (-65F – 250F)
iii. Chloroprene Rubber (Neoprene ®) (-60F – 250F)
iv. Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) (-60F – 250F)
v. Flouro carbon rubber (FKM) Viton ® (-15F – 450F)
vi. CHLOROSULFONATED POLYETHELENE RUBBER (CSM) Hypalon®
(50F – 275F)
vii. SILICONE RUBBER (VMQ) (-65F -500F)
viii. ETHYLENE PROPYLENE DIENE RUBBER (EPDM) (-70F-350F)

 Maximum Pressure: 150psi

• Material: Graphite with/ without metal
inserts
• Maximum Pressure: upto 250 Kg-F/cm2
• Maximum Temperature: -200-550C
 Material: PTFE
 Maximum Pressure: up to 124Kg-F/cm2
 Maximum Temperature: -212- 316C
 Application: Virtually pH 0-14
 Material: Asbestos, non-Asbestos and Fibre
 Maximum Pressure: up to 100 Kg-F/cm2
 Maximum Temperature: -100 - 300C
 Material: PTFE, rubber, etc
• Material: Silicon RTV
• Maximum Temperature: -59C-329C
TAMP
 Temperature

 Application

 Material

 Pressure
 Cooling Water, Waste Water, Boiler Feed
Water, Raw Water, Demin & Polish Water
 High and Low Pressure Steam, Condensate
 Chlorine, HYPO, Hydrogen, Brine
 HCl, H2SO4, Caustic
 EDC, VCM , Vent Gases
 PVC Slurry
 Various Catalyst, reactants, agents, etc
 Spiral Wound
 Ring Type Joint
 Non Asbestos
 PTFE
 Graphite
 Rubber Sheets
 Metal Jacketed
 RTV
 PTFE / Graphite Tapes
 PVC 1 /UTY 1 = TOYO SPECS
 PVC 2/ CA/ UTY 2/ PP = CHINESE SPECS
 CA Electrolyzer = AKCC SPECS
 EDC/ VCM = FURMOSA SPECS
 Flange face cleaning
 Flange face inspection
 Flange alignment inspection
 Gasket Inspection
 Gasket Placement
 Bolts lubrication
 Bolts tightening
 On 24th May 2004, A Hydrogen Fire took place due to the
Installation of an Incorrectly Sized Gasket at a Solvent
Manufacturing Plant
 On 10th January 2000, approximately 100 barrels of jet fuel
were discharged from Plantation Pipeline in Newington,
Virginia, resulted from a failed gasket on an interface
detector
 On 22nd February 2003, approximately 788 barrels of
gasoline were discharged from a portion of Plantation
Pipeline in Hull, Georgia, resulted from a failed gasket on a
buried block valve.
 On 15th December 2004, Employees were performing
maintenance on a propane pipeline near Mantador, North
Dakota, when a gasket on the pipeline's valve failed, causing
a leak. Nearby resident were evacuated, and a rail line was
shut down temporarily. There were no injuries
 Box up Certificate
 Signing of Flanges
 Can you use a 150# Class Flange with Steam
service Pressure 250psi and Temperature 300F?

 What would be the maximum Pressure that a

600# Class flange can bear at 800F?
 You have a purchase an Octagonal ring. What
specifications you should send to the vendor if
you know the following:
i. Material: SS 304
ii. Avg. Pitch diameter of ring: 11.0“
iii. Height of ring: 1.06”
iv. Width of ring: 0.875”
 What would be the material of Metallic
windings if Outer ring color is:
i. Brown
ii. Orange
iii. Green
iv. Blue
v. Red
vi. Yellow
 What would be the material of filler If the color
of the marking on the outer edge of outer ring
is
i. White
ii. Grey
 On what dimensions you will cut a rubber
gasket for a Raised face Flange of 3” 150#

 On what dimensions you will cut a PTFE

Gasket for a Flat Face Flange of 2” 300#
 What are the two ASME Standards for Metallic
and non-metallic Gaskets?
 For Metallic:
 For Non-Metallic:
 Which one is not required in Gasket Selection?
i. Temperature of service
ii. Size of flange
iii. Pipe Internal Diameter
iv. Service Compatibility
 Which gasket should we use if the piping
specification of a Chlorine Line is G1FF1?

 Which gasket should we use if the piping

specification of a Chlorine Line is A5S?
 Torquing of Bolts should be done in …… steps?
  Write down the steps involved in Gasket
Installation?
i. Flange face cleaning
ii. Flange face inspection
iii. Flange alignment inspection
iv. Gasket Inspection
v. Gasket Installation
vi. Bolts lubrication
vii. Bolts tightening