Faculty of Civil & Environmental Engineering

NATURE CONSERVATION
BFC10102

Dr. Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed

FKAAS Admin Office, Level G, FKAAS Building
Office Tel No: 07-4564236; email: maya@uthm.edu.my

UTHM, Sem 1 2017/2018

 WELCOME…..
Course: Nature Conservation
Code: BFC 10202
Lecture: 2 hours / week
Aims of Programme: File of PEO & PLO
Aims of Course: File of RPP
Course E-Learning: The lecture notes, info,
project,
assignment will be uploaded in the Edmodo.
Class Leader Appoinment : XXX
How to get access to Edmodo
 Important Dates
• Test 1 : 28/3/2017 (Tuesday); 11-12 am,
Course Lecture Room (Week 7), Chapter 1-
Chapter 3A
• Test 2 : 9/5/2017; 11-12 am, Course Lecture
Room (Week 12), Chapter 3B – Chapter 5
• Individual Assignment due date: one week
after program
• Project Presentation: Week 12- Week 13
NATURE CONSERVATION
BFC10102

Chapter 1: Introduction to
Nature Conservation
 Chapter 1:
Introduction to Nature Conservation

Topics: (3 hours lecture)

1.1 Built vs. Natural Environment – The link
1.2 Impact of human activities to natural
environment – historical version
1.3 Why conservation for natural environment?
1.4 You as the steward
 Objectives of this Part

• To learn about the natural environment

• To understand the impact of human activities on the
natural environment
• To appreciate the need to maintain a good natural
environment
• To realize the responsibility of human as khalifah
 Chapter 1: Introduction to
Nature Conservation

1.1 Built vs. Natural Environment

 Quiz 1 (20 mins)
• A questionnaire will be given to you
• The aim of this questionnaire is to gauge
your knowledge on conservation of the
natural environment
• Please answer each question as briefly as
possible
• Your name is important as we would do
some follow ups if there is a necessity
 Quiz 1

• Name, origin (town, country), age, religion

• Previous learning institute (e.g.
polytechnics/high school etc)
 Quiz 1: Answer briefly
Biodiversity
1. What is biodiversity
2. Give five examples of biodiversity
3. What are threats to biodiversity

Conservation
1. What is meant by conservation
2. List 5 reasons why conserve nature
3. List 3 global changes and 2 kinds of pollutions

People & nature

1. How do people alter nature
2. What can people do to protect nature
What you see in this picture?
What you see in this picture?
Which one is natural environment?

Picture A Picture B

Which one is man-made?

What you see in this picture?
What is the link between
natural environment and
man-made?
1.1 Built vs. Natural Environment

The Natural Environment

Components of nature: living and non living

Formation of Earth

Living things on Earth

Interactions

Evolutions
1.1 Built vs. Natural Environment
The Built Environment

Man-made Road, buildings, bridges, Tools – vehicles,

dams, canals, parks machinery

Man use energy and

materials to build Produce waste
 1.1 Built vs. Natural Environment

Tunku Tun
4-story of
Aminah Library at
Synthetic
University Tun
Chemistry Lab at
Hussein Onn
University of
Malaysia
Pittsburgh

Mandel Centre for the Humanities at Brandeis

University
1.1 Built vs. Natural Environment

The Link
Existing at
same time –
temporal
issue

Occupy
same
space –
spatial
issue
Increasing need for
built environment
due to increasing
human population
and modernization
1.1 Built vs. Natural Environment
Built environment – houses, schools,
garden (landscaping), man-made lakes (all
to do with civil engineers!)
Natural environment – forest, sea, rivers,
mountains, grassland, desert
Similarities: abiotic (non-living) and biotic
components, occupy same space
(biosphere), using same resources
Differences: human creation, renewable
resources
1.2 Impact of Human Activities to Natural
Environment

Environmental Problems
a. What is it? Pollution
b. Causes?
c. Effects?
Global changes
d. What can
you do about
it? Loss of biodiversity
1.2 Impact of Human Activities to Natural
Environment

60 Amur Leopard
left in the world

Orangutan at
Borneo
 List of Major Global Environmental
Issues
Location Environmental Socio impact Cause of the Involved Bodies
Issue Issue

Riau Forest and Land Worst trans-boundary haze Rapid Federal Governments
Province, Fires pollution, emission of deforestation, of the United States
Sumatera, greenhouse gases land clearing, and Canada,
Indonesia (GHGs), affect human and are induced Environment Canada,
health directly and paralyze by dry climate Provincial Government
economic activity by causes fire over of Ontario
reducing visibility in an area of
Indonesia, Singapore and 163,336 ha
Malaysia

Sydney, Great Barrier Reef had suffered the worst Climate change ARC Center of
Australia Reef Threatened coral bleaching and die-off and the flow of Excellence for Coral
ever recorded, with farm chemicals Reef Studies, and
stretches of its northern and coastal United Nations
reaches dead after the coral sediment into Educational, Scientific
was bathed in warm the waters, and Cultural
summer waters. world’s biggest Organization.
coal mines
about 200 miles
from the reef.
 List of Major Global Environmental Issues
Location Environmental Socio impact Cause of the Issue Involved
Issue Bodies

Gulf of Mexico Oil spill in the Gulf of Plants and animals were Deepwater oil well British Petroleum,
Mexico about 4.9 completely covered in the oil. exploded in the Gulf of United States
million barrels of Seabirds, sea turtles and Mexico Coast Guard
petroleum released dolphins have been found dead, (USCG), Federal
covering 130x70 mi2 Oil that entered wetland areas Aviation
meant recovery would be slow, Administration (FA
Fish stocks were harmed, and A), and other U.S
productivity decreased. Government
bodies.

Earth’s Orbit Space Debris and More than 500,000 pieces of
Human Spacecraft debris are tracked as they orbit
the Earth. They all travel at
speeds up to 17,500 mph, fast
enough for a relatively small
piece of orbital debris to damage
a satellite or a spacecraft.
Orbital debris is any man- National
made object in orbit about Aeronautics and
the Earth which no longer Space
serves a useful function. Administration
Such debris includes (NASA), and
nonfunctional spacecraft, European Space
abandoned launch vehicle Agency
stages, mission-related
debris and fragmentation
debris.
 List of Major Global Environmental Issues

Location Environmental Socio impact Cause of the Issue Involved

Issue Bodies

The Great Lakes, Uncontrolled growth Endangering wide range Nutrient loading is caused by Federal
Canada-United States of cyanobacteria of wildlife, including fertilizers (synthetic and Governments of
border called an Algal migratory and resident organic) used in agricultural the United States
Blooms In The Great birds and polluting water practices, urbanization and and Canada,
Lakes resource providing human waste, and Environment
drinking water, household products Canada,
recreational activities, containing phosphorous and Provincial
and tourism. nitrogen Government of
Ontario

Wyoming, United Hydraulic Fracturing Ozone pollution, Infancy of the industry, and Environmental
States in Wyoming impacted contamination of the only recent effort to Protection Agency
the environment. groundwater, and monitor its effects, there (EPA),
overuse of water remains a large gap in Underground
supplies knowledge surrounding the Injection Control
impacts of hydraulic (UIC).
fracking.
List of Major Environmental Issues Affecting
Communities in Malaysia
Location Nature of Socio impact Community’s Advocating
industry pledge NGO

Gebeng, Rare-earth Health hazards caused by Close plant Save Msia,

Kuantan processing radioactivity Stop operation Stop Lynas.
Pahang Stop Lynas
Coalition
Himpunan Hijau
2.0

Pengerang, Large scale Forced resettlement including Stop project Save

Johor petrochemical schools,houses, Reject Pengerang
industry graveyards, temples, resettlement Coalition
masjid; Angry lobsters
fish depletion caused by land
reclamation;
potential health hazards by
emission and effluents
List of Major Environmental Issues Affecting
Communities in Malaysia
Location Nature of Socio impact Community’s Advocating NGO
industry pledge

Tanjung Bin, Coal power plant Air pollution Stop the plant JARING
Johor causing respiratory Control pollution Sahabat Alam
problems amongst Malaysia
malay villagers

Long Pasia, Sabah logging Logging causing Stop logging -

serious flood and
erosion

Baram, Baram Dam @ Forced Stop the dam project Save Rivers
Sarawak Hydroelectric resettlement, land Sarawak
project lost, cultural Baram Protection
erosion, survival Committee
threatened

Raub, Gold mine Already seen Close mine Bukit Koman Anti
Pahang Using Cyanide health hazards due Cyanide Committee
to Cyanide and
acidic emission
List of Major Environmental Issues Affecting
Communities in Malaysia
Location Nature of Socio impact Community’s Advocating
industry pledge NGO

Hulu Hulu Terengganu Deforestation, loss Questioning the need to World Wide
Terengganu, Hydroelectric of endangered clearfell an area three Fund for
Terengganu Project species times larger than the size Nature, Internati
of the dam reservoir. onal Union for
Conservation of
Nature

Klang Valley East Klang Valley De-gazetting of Disapprove 2nd phase Selangor
Expressway, EKVE 106.6 ha of the construction Forestry
Ampang Forest Department.
Reserve, a critical
source of water
for Klang Valley, cut
through the Ulu
Gombak forest
reserve
 1.3 Why Conservation for
Natural Environment?

Is this the way to conserve natural environment?

How does conservation comes about?

The old way.. The best way..

 Conservation

• Why is conservation important to the

world?
• Why is conservation important to
Malaysia?
• Who is responsible for conservation?
• Practical examples of successful
conservation effort –Taman Negara Endau
Rompin, Belum, Tg Piai,
Elephant- Kuala Gandah, Kuala Krau,
 1.4 You as the Steward
Responsibilities of human being
 To belief in Him
 To take care of his creation

We are cutting down forests for making

our homes. We are continuing with an
excessive consumption of natural
resources. Their excessive use is resulting
in their depletion, risking the life of our
future generations. Is this conservation?
 1.4 You as the Steward
Since 1970,
there has
already been a
58% overall
decline in the
numbers of
fish, mammals,
birds and
reptiles
worldwide,
according to
the
WWF's latest
bi-annual
Living Planet
Index.
1.4 You as the Steward

WHAT WILL BE LEFT FOR NEXT GENERATION ?

 Activity
Please read the article
‘SUSTAINABILITY : LINKING BUILT AND
NATURAL ENVIRONMENT’ written by Prof
Datin Dr Maryati Mohamed and Prof Dr
Dato’ Mohd. Noh Dalimin to enhance your
understanding for this topic.
We will be discussing about the topic
content for the next lecture.
Group Project and Individual Briefing

Will be given next week:

• Project presentation
• Individual presentation
Something to ponder..