Next Generation Networks (NGN)

&
the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)

Kevin Sutherland
Manager
Communications Engineering Section
International Training Program
07 September 2006
What is NGN?...
• A concept for a framework for evolution of network
architecture and capabilities, as defined by ITU-T
Recommendations
• ITU-T SERIES Y: GLOBAL INFORMATION
INFRASTRUCTURE, INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTS AND
NEXT-GENERATION NETWORKS
Next Generation Networks – Frameworks and functional
architecture models
• Y.2001 (12/2004) General overview of NGN
• Y.2011 (10/2004) General principles and general reference
model for Next Generation Networks
2
NGN Definition from Y.2001

Next Generation Network (NGN):

a packet-based network able to provide telecommunication
services and able to make use of multiple broadband, QoS-
enabled transport technologies and in which service-related
functions are independent from underlying transport-
related technologies.

It enables unfettered access for users to networks and to

competing service providers and/or services of their choice. It
supports generalized mobility which will allow consistent
and ubiquitous provision of services to users.

3
 NGN Definition cntd…
• Practical Description …from ETSI
– The convergence of the public switched telephone network,
the (PSTN) voice network,
the wireless networks (WiFi / WiMAX / GSM / UMTS)
and the data networks (Internet)
and broadcasting networks & services ?...
• Convergence in the Dictionary
– from the Latin verb “convergere”, i.e. to ‘incline’ together
– convergence is a coming together of two or more distinct
entities or phenomena
• Convergence in Technology
– the combination of two or more different technologies in a
single device – e.g. taking photos with a mobile phone,
reading emails on a refrigerator, TV on your PC or internet on
your TV… 4
 Convergence… new multimedia devices

5
Source:http://www.telstra.com.au/abouttelstra/investor/docs/tls366_stratrevjustinmilne.pdf
NGN key characteristics
• A concept, not just a technology
• Use packet-based data transfer (IP, ATM)
• Use multiple broadband, QoS enabled transport technologies
• Independence of service-related functions from underlying
transport-related functions, implying open interfaces
• Interworking with legacy networks
• Supports generalised mobility, with presence/location
information
• Unrestricted access by users to different services and/or
service providers
• Converged services between Fixed/Mobile networks
• Meet all Regulatory requirements, e.g. emergency
communications, security/privacy, lawful interception etc.
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 Existing Telecommunications

Services

Transport
& Access

• Benefits:
– Worked well for stand-alone systems
• Challenges:
– Many Networks = High Operational and Interworking Costs
– Slow to introduce new services
– Users require different devices for different services
Difficult to integrate new services or technologies
Source: ASTAP05/WS-IP&NGN/13 7
 Emerging Telecommunications

Services
Internet Protocol
Transport
Access
• Benefits:
– Rapid Service Deployment = New Service Revenues
– Allow continued growth of the network
– Flexible architecture for future growth and new technologies
– Allows for competition at individual layers
• Challenges:
– Legacy policy frameworks are challenged by the emerging
telecommunications model throughout the world

Services and access technologies only need to interface to the

common transport layer (IP) 8
Source: ASTAP05/WS-IP&NGN/13
 Access and Service Independence

video data voice video data voice

Internet Protocol

dsl wi-fi cable dsl wi-fi cable

• Each service must be • IP provides a common

integrated to a specific
access technology.
• With many services
converging it becomes
complex to integrate single
access.
interface for access and
services
• One point of interface
simplifies the introduction
of new devices and services.

Source: ASTAP05/WS-IP&NGN/13
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 Networks in Transition
Lower cost and
Toll Bypass innovative services drives
PSTN network convergence
IP
PSTN
MPEG PSTN
WWW
Corporate
CATV IP
IP Core Broadcast
Wireless
Broadband WWW

Voice Video
Academic
IP
Services
Corporate CDMA

1G-2G IP

GSM

10
Source: ASTAP05/WS-IP&NGN/13
 One schematic view of NGN…

WEB VoD MMS SIP E911

Services ASP ASP
Network Network IMS PSAP
Network

Core IP/MPLS Networks

Transport

Wi-Fi DSL DOCSIS GSM PSTN

Access

User

Source: ASTAP05/WS-IP&NGN/13
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 Driving forces for NGNs

• Europe
– Ageing networks in need of new equipment
– Cost savings, new services
• North America
– Cost savings, new services, competitiveness
– Operators: IP core conversion, fixed-mobile convergence,
– new service offerings (VoIP, IP-TV)
• Asia Pacific Region
– Mobile users, less investment in legacy infrastructure, new services,
– address space limitations, government NGN initiatives
– Role-out of new networks in the countries in economic transition
Source: ASTAP05-FR10-PL-30

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 Security
Security
Regulation
Regulationofof
“Standard
“StandardTelephone
Telephone Privacy
Privacy
Service”
Service”
Consumer
Consumer
awareness Quality
Numbering
awareness Qualityofof
Numbering Service
Service

Emergency
Emergency

Competition
Competition
Jurisdiction
Jurisdiction
“Next Generation”
Longer term issues

Core policy areas:

Short term issues • Consumer issues
• Competition
Policy implications…. • Security
Source: ASTAP05_WS.IP&NGN-09 Scope for13self-regulation
 S?
ES
C
C
A
? INNOVATION
CURITY IN
SE INTTEER
ROOPPE
ERRAABI
BL ILIT
ITYY??

Source: ASTAP05_WS.IP&NGN-09 14
 Access, security & interoperability

E-mail
spam National security
ACCESS
SME E-commerce
Pay TV
SECURITY
WiFi
WiMAX PSTN,
Free-to-air & NGN, 3G E-business,
Satellite b/c E-banking Managed
SMS E-tax networks,
IP TV, Corporate
PVR networks
Office systems
INTEROPERABILITY
Intranets
Source: ASTAP05_WS.IP&NGN-09
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 STANDARDS
ACCESS INTEROPERABILITY

Consumer
Consumer Competition
Competition Security
Security

Emergency Convergence Critical Infrastructure

Quality of Service Bundling Viruses & firewalls
Rights of redress Bottlenecks Network attack
Directories Interconnection & Disaster recovery
Privacy access Lawful Interception
Information Carrier selection Cybercrime
Choice Number portability Misuse
Special needs Migration
Universal service Investment

IDENTITY, NUMBERING, ADDRESSING

Source: ASTAP05_WS.IP&NGN-09 16
Areas of interest for NGN standards activity
• International Telecommunications Union (ITU-T)
– Study Groups (SG13 lead SG for NGN)
– Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group (TSAG)
– NGN Global Standards Initiative (NGN-GSI), since Jan 2006
• Built on NGN 2004 Project, Focus Group (FGNGN)
• European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)
– TISPAN, 3GPP / IMS
• Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
– Protocols (IP, SIP, MGCP, ENUM, etc)
• Global Standards Collaboration (GSC)
• Asia-Pacific Telecommunity (APT)
– ATP Standardisation Program (ASTAP), NGN Expert Group
• Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Telecommunications and
Information Working Group APEC TEL

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 Defining Standards

• Smaller industry fora have helped shape international standards.

– IETF have developed many of the core NGN technologies (IP, MPLS, SIP, etc.)
– 3GPP integrated IP-based technologies into an instantiation of the NGN, IP
Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)
– Release based (ETSI TISPAN r1, 3GPP r7, ITU NGN r1-3)
• ITU involvement is necessary at the international level to define an
Evolutionary Framework to help solve interworking, mobility and
service definitions issues, but…
• There could be more pro-active cooperation between the ‘telco’ and
internet stakeholders… 18
ITU-T Structural model of Functional components

Service stratum
Application Functions

Service
User
Management Functions

Service and Control Profile

Functions Functions

Transport
User
Profile
Network
Functions Transport Control Media
Attachment
Functions Handling
Control Functions
Functions
Customer Gateway Other
Other
Functions Functions networks
networks
Access
Access
Access Core
Transport
Transport
Edge CoreTransport
Transport
Functions Functions Functions
Functions
functions functions

UNI NNI
Transport stratum
Control

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Media

Ref: http://ties.itu.int/u/fgngn/fgngn/readonly/200504_Geneva/focus_group_reports/FGNGN­MR­0040r1.doc  
Current coverage of FGNGN Release 1
Service Stratum
A pplicatio n F unctions

U ser O ther M ultim edia Service

P rofile Co m ponents … and
F un ctions C ontrol
S tream ing S ervices Functions

PS T N / IS D N E m ulation

O th e r N e tw o r k s
IP M ultim edia
Co m ponent

N etwo rk A ccess R esource and A dm ission

GW Attachm ent Functions Co ntrol Functions
Leg a cy NA A F RACF
Term in a ls

C u stom er
N etw orks A ccess Transp ort C ore transp o rt
A ccess
Functions
E d ge
Fu nction s
Fun ctions Fun ctions
NG N
Term ina ls NNI
T ra n spo rt S tratu m
C ustom er and
T erm inal F un ctions
UNI QoS Aspects and one part of Control aspect
(IP QoS signaling Requirement) A part of

Release 1 coverage

Ref: http://ties.itu.int/u/fgngn/fgngn/readonly/200504_Geneva/focus_group_reports/FGNGN­MR­0040r1.doc
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ITU-T releases

21
 Continuing ITU-T Work
• NGN Focus Group (FGNGN) scope complete Nov05
• Work continues in the various ITU-T Study Groups
according to their allocated tasks (Questions)
• SG 13 has a continuing (and lead) NGN Role
• The ITU-T has announced a “NGN Global Standards
Initiative (NGN-GSI)” with the Goal “to further
strengthen the ITU-T’s leading role in NGN standard
work”

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 The ETSI NGN Vision
• Mobile/Fixed Convergence, based on the “IMS” platform
• A multi-service, multi-protocol, multi-access,
IP based network - secure, reliable and trusted
• Multi-services: delivered by
a common QoS enabled core network.
• Multi-access: diverse connectivity networks;
fixed and mobile terminals, (Mobile, xDSL, etc)
• Not one network, but different networks
that interoperate seamlessly
• Mobility / Nomadicity of both users and devices
• “My communications services”
– anywhere, any terminal, anytime
>>> all of this leads to a true Next Generation Network
Source: ASTAP05-WP.IP&NGN-08_ETSI 23
 What is IMS?
• IP Multimedia Subsystem as defined by 3GPP
– 3GPP IMS standards define a network domain dedicated to the
control and integration of multimedia services.
– IMS is defined by 3GPP from Release 5 onwards (2002)
– 3GPP2 equivalent of IMS is the MMD (MultiMedia Domain), fully
interoperable with 3GPP IMS
• IMS builds on IETF protocols
– Based upon SIP, SDP, COPs and Diameter protocols
– 3GPP have enhanced these IETF protocols for mobility
• IMS in short
– Open-systems architecture that supports a range of IP-based services
over the PS domain, employing both wireless and fixed access
technologies
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 What does IMS provide?
• Services and Control
– Adds call session control to the packet network (GPRS)
– enables peer-to-peer real-time services - such as voice, video – over a
packet-switched domain
– scalable common service control (based on SIP) gives the ability to manage
parallel user services
• Media Mixing
– Ability to pick and mix various multimedia flows in single or multiple
sessions
– Can handle real-time voice, video, data
• Connectivity Network Independence
– Provides access to IP based services independent of the underlying
connectivity technology (mobile / fixed)
• IMS is based upon an open standard with a strong evolutionary
advantage
– IMS architecture & SIP may be easily extended to provide for new services
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 IMS basic components
CSCF – Call State Control
Functions
P – Proxy
I – Interrogating
S – Serving
UE – User Equipment
SLF- Subscriber Location SLF AS
HSS
Function
HSS- Home Subscriber Server
AS – Application Server Diameter
Protocol
SIP Protocol

P-CSCF I-CSCF S-CSCF

UE
GGSN

Gateway GPRS Session control

First Point of Support Node Access Point to services
Contact Network
Privacy Control & Hides Topology &
QoS Configuration Registration
Authorisation AS interaction
Local Services: Visited Home Charging etc.
Emergency & Network Network
Local Numbering

Source: ASTAP05-WP.IP&NGN-08_ETSI 26
IMS Architecture

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 Why IMS in NGN? - ETSI’s view
• The IP Multimedia Subsystem generally fulfills the NGN
requirements for conversational services
– For managed, carrier operated telecom. networks
– With Release 6, IMS becomes applicable to a range of access
network types (3G RAN, WLAN)
• For the benefit of the whole telecommunications industry
– IMS is being proclaimed as the architecture of choice for
converging networks (mobile – fixed), as well as voice and
multimedia
– It is predicted that IMS will enable IP to gradually replace circuit
switched voice
– Operators who own both fixed and mobile networks want to
consolidate their networks
– Growing IMS market, will encouraging greater usage and creation
of new IP based services
– Open interfaces allow for a wider choice of IMS suppliers
– Market stimulation, decreasing costs (thanks to shared
development/deployment costs) 28
Source: ASTAP05-WP.IP&NGN-08_ETSI
 NGN Releases

• Both ITU-T and ETSI are planning a series of phased

“Releases” of NGN standards. For the ITU-T: -
A Release is a method of prioritizing by identifying a set of
services to be addressed in a certain time frame. The ITU-T NGN-
FG should progress the work to define the service requirements
and capabilities needed to realize the services in addition to
defining other associated capabilities as needed to facilitate a
NGN in a first Release. The adoption of a release-based approach
will not prevent other work, such as the development of more
generic (release independent) capabilities, and the collation of
services, requirements and issues for later releases.

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ETSI - TISPAN
• TISPAN in an ETSI technical committee,
dealing with fixed networks
and the migration from circuit switched networks
to packet-based networks (Telecoms & Internet converged
Services & Protocols for Advanced Networks (TISPAN)
• TISPAN is responsible for all aspects of standardization for
present and future converged networks including NGN
• TISPAN also deals with service aspects,
architectural aspects, protocol aspects, QoS studies,
security related studies, mobility aspects within fixed
networks, using existing and emerging technologies.
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 TISPAN NGN Architecture

IMS PSTN/ISDN Emulation to

support legacy terminals
TISPAN xDSL Connectivity Network
Access
Network Attachment (SIP -based)
Subsystem IP Multimedia Subsystem
(Core IMS )

PSTN/ISDN emulation
Subsystem P
Resource Control S
Subsystem
T
N
Access Transport
Network Core Transport Network
IP

Source: ASTAP05-WP.IP&NGN-08_ETSI 31
 ETSI TISPAN NGN Roadmap
Towards a converged Wireline and Wireless NGN …
Release 1 Release 2 Release 3

xDSL, Fully ???

WLAN FTTx
Nomadic

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

• Release 1: bringing multimedia services

– Limited mobility/user-controlled roaming
– xDSL access focus; Access Network Attachment Subsystem
• Release 2 optimizing access resource usage
– According to user subscription profile and service use
– Corporate users specific requirements …
• Release 3 introducing full (inter-domain) nomadicity
– Higher bandwidth access (VDSL, FTTH, Wi-MAX …)

Source: ASTAP05-WP.IP&NGN-08_ETSI 32
 TISPAN NGN Rel-1 Scope
• Described in DTR/TISPAN-00001-NGN-R1
– Release-1 completed Dec.2005
• Major service capabilities
– Real time conversational services
(Voice & Videotelephony)
– Messaging (Instant Messaging, MMS),
Presence Management
– Legacy services emulation enabling
legacy PSTN/ISDN migration towards NGN
– Content delivery such as VOD, Video
Streaming, TV-Channel distribution (IPTV)
• Network Architecture basis
– xDSL access prime focus, also WLAN 33
 ‘Home Networking’ standards development
• due to the evolution of digital technology (e.g. media coding,
Internet), home networks have evolved towards a complex
set of devices supporting services and applications in the
home-based business, information, entertainment and
security/control areas
• various standards bodies are developing standards for Home
Networking applications in this converged environment
• Home Networks have a role in Next Generation Networking
• standards bodies have resolved to collaborate and promote
the development of harmonized Home Networking standards
and related networking standards.
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 NGN Consumer Access –
Multiple Broadband Access Options

Games Console
Cable

Ethernet
Live Content

Broadband Access
Video on Demand 802.11b/g
Router
DTV Tuner Eth.
xDSL
Ethernet
Set-top Box
Residential
Gateway Fiber

Home
Second Line Security
VoIP
Home Shopping

PDA
Notebook
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 The Future Home…
DSL/Cable
NAS for or MSO
MP3 & Video
Telephone Managed Voice
Content

Managed Wireless
Wireless
media
gateway

Wireless
camera Managed Security

Integrated networks, content,

and entertainment systems
36
In closing…
• NGN is a concept, not just a technology.
• NGN is an attempt by operators to provide a single technology
platform into the future to support converged services
• NGN is a global initiative, coordinated by the ITU-T
• Robust and open standards are essential to the long term
success of IMS and NGN
• Not everyone likes or agrees with the NGN concept –
especially large parts of the ‘internet community’
• Regulators will have an interesting time trying to manage what
is likely to become a standards/systems battle between various
players
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Links

• ITU-T NGN GSI http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/ngn/index.phtml

• ETSI TISPAN http://portal.etsi.org/portal_common/home.asp?
tbkey1=TISPAN
• IETF http://www.ietf.org/
• APT/ASTAP
http://www.aptsec.org/Program/ASTAP/EG/NGN/index.htm
• GSC http://www.gsc.etsi.org/
• DCITA - http://www.dcita.gov.au

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Thank you for your attention

• Questions ?...

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