LEVEL 7

CURSOS AUTOFINANCIADOS DE INGLES

By JIMENA NATALIA CAMACHO ARMELLA

1. THAT’S WHAT FRIENDS ARE FOR!
 GRAMAR FOCUS: RELATIVE PRONOUNS

As the subject of a clause As the object of a clause

I like guys who/that aren’t too serious I’d prefer someone (who/that I have fun with.

I like guys who/that have a good sense of humor. I’d prefer someone (who/that I can talk to easily.

Example:
I don’t want to have a partner who isn’t a good listener.
GRAMAR FOCUS: IT CLAUSES + ADVERBIAL CLAUSES
WITH WHEN
I like it when a teacher is helpfual and supportive.
I don’t mind it when a friend visits without calling me first.
I can’t stand it when a child screams in a restaurant.
It makes me happy when a people do nice thingsfor no reason.
It bothers me when my doctor arrives late for an appointment.
It upsets me when a close friend forgets my birthday.

Example:
I like it when someone gives me a compliment.
2. CAREER MOVES
 GRAMAR FOCUS: GERUND PHRASES
Gerund phrases as subjects Gerund phrases as objects

Being a flight attendant sounds exciting. He’d love being a flight attendant.

Designing clothes is not a man’s job. He wouldn’t like being a fashion designer.
Working as a veterinarian could be rewarding. She’d enjoy working with animals.
Directing a TV show would be interesting. She’d be good at directing a TV show.

Example:.
Working on a movie set would be interesting.
 GRAMAR FOCUS: COMPARISONS
With adjectives With verbs

Is more/less interesting than . ……. Earns more/less than………………

Is harder than . ……. Earns as much as………………
Is not as hard as . ……. Doesn’t earn as much as………………

With nouns With past participles

has better/worse hours than . ……. is better paid than………………

has more education than . ……. is as well paid as………………
Isn’t as much work as . ……. isn’t as well paid as………………

Example:.
Being a fashion designer is more interesting tan being an accountant .
3. COULD YOU DO ME A FAVOR?
 GRAMAR FOCUS: REQUESTS WITH MODALS, IF
CLAUSES, AND GERUNDS
Can I borrow your pen, please? Less formal
Could you lend me a jacket, please?
Is it OK if I use your phone?
Do you mind if I use your laptop for a minute?
Would it be all right if I compared our homework?
Would you minf if I borrowed your new camera?
Would you mind babysitting my kids on Saturday night?
I was wondering if I could borrow some money. More formal

Example:.
Would you mind helping me paint on Saturday?
 GRAMAR FOCUS: INDIRECT REQUESTS

Statements Indirect requests introduced by that:

Jeff, Tony is having a party. Could you tell Jeff that Tony is having a party?
Imperatives Indirect requests using infinitives:
Jeff, don’t be late. Can you tell Jeff not to be late?

. Yes/No questions Indirect requests introduced by if or whether:

Sofia, are you free on Friday?. Can you ask Sofia if she’s free on Friday?

Wh-questions Indirect requests introduced by a question word:

Jeff, when does the party start?. Can you askJeff when the party starts?

Example:.
Could you ask Nina if she’ll drive us to the party on Friday?
4. WHAT A STORY!
GRAMAR FOCUS: PAST CONTINUOS VS. SIMPLE PAST

Use the past continuos for an angoing action in the past.

Use the simple past for an event that interrupts that action.

Past continuous Simple past

While he was escaping from the bank, the robber got caught in the revolving door.
As Jake was running toward the ball, he tripped and kicked it into the wrong goal.
The planets were performing a song, when the lights went out.
GRAMAR FOCUS: PAST PERFECT

Use the past perfect for an event that ocurred before another event in the past.

Past event past perfect event

I was working out , and I had put my stuff in my locker.
When I came back, someone had stolen my wallet.
They were able to steal it because I had forgotten to lock the locker .
5. CROSSING CULTURES
GRAMAR FOCUS: NOUN PHRASES CONTAINING
RELATIVE CLAUSES

One thing that I’d really miss is my mom’s cooking . My mom’s cooking is one thing that I’d really miss.
Something that I’d be nervous about is communicating in a new language . Communicating in a new language is something that I’d be nervous about .

. Two people who/that I’d call every week are my parents. My parents are two people who/that I’d call every week

Example:
One thing I’d definitely be excited about is making new friends.
GRAMAR FOCUS: EXPECTATIONS

When you visit someone
If you want to bring someone,
its the custom to bring a small gift.
you aren’t supposed to arrive early.
you’re expected to call first and ask.
you’re supposed to Check with the host.
it’s not acceptable to arrive without calling first.

Example:
If you plan to visit someone at home, you’re supposed to call first.
6. WHAT’S WRONG WITH IT?
GRAMAR FOCUS: DESCRIBING PROBLEMS 1
Whith past participle as adjetives
The jacket lining is torn.
The tabletop is damaged.
The vase is chipped.
My pants are stained.
Her sunglasses are a little scratched.
The sink is leaking.
Example:
The car is dented.
With nouns
It has a tear in it / There’s a hole in it..
There is some damage on the top.
There is a chip in it .
They have a stain on them.
There are a few scratches on them.
It has a leak
GRAMAR FOCUS: DESCRIBING PROBLEMS 2
Need +gerund Need +passive infinitive keed + gerund

The oven needs adjusting. It needs to be adjusted. Everything keeps burning.

The alarm needs fixing It needs to be fixed. The alarm keeps going off.

Example:
The walls need painting..
7. THE WORLD WE LIVE IN
GRAMAR FOCUS: PASSIVE WITH PREPOSITIONS

Present continous passsive

The air is being polluted by fumes from cars and trucks .

City streets are being damaged as a result of heavy traffic.
Potholes aren’t being repaired due to a lack of funding .
Present perfect passsive

Many parks have been lost through overbuilding.

The homeless have been displaced because of overcrowding in city shelters.
GRAMAR FOCUS: INFINITIVE CLAUSES AND PHRASES

Present continous passsive

One way to change things is to talk to the company’s management.

Another way to stop them is to get a tv station to run a story.
The best way to fight cáncer are to do more research and educate people.
8. LIFELONG LEARNING
GRAMAR FOCUS: WOULD RATHER AND WOULD
PREFER
Would rather takes the base form of the verb.Would prefer usually takes an infinitive.Both are followed by noy in the negative.

Would you rather take a business or communications class?

I’d rather take a communications class

I’d rather not take either.
I’d rather take another course tan study business or comunications
Would you prefer to study business or communications ?

I’d prefer to study business. I’d prefer not to study either.

Let’s join a club.

I’d rather not join a club.
I’d rather not
I’d prefer not to join a club.
I’d prefer not to.
.
GRAMAR FOCUS: BY +GERUND TO DESCRIBE HOW TO
DO THINGS

You could improve your accent by listening to language CD’s.

I learn new words best by writing them on pieces of paper and stiking
them on things.
The best way to learn slang is not by watching the news but by
watching movies.
Example:
A good way to learn idioms is by watching videos online.