Latihan 1

Example 2.1. Use of Conversion Factors

Change 400 in3/day to cm3/min.
Example 2.2. Nanotechnology
Nanosize materials have become the subject of
intensive investigation in the last decade because
of their potential use in semiconductors, drugs,
protein detectors, and electron transport.
Nanotechnology is the generic term that refers
to the synthesis and application of such small
particles. An example of a semiconductor is ZnS
with a particle diameter of 1.8 nm. Convert this
value to (a) decimeters (dm) and (b) inches (in.).
Example 2.4. A Conversion Involving Both lbm
and lbf
What is the potential energy in (ft)(lbf) of a 100
lb drum hanging 10 ft above the surface of the
Earth with reference to the surface of the Earth?
Example 2.5. Dimensional Consistency
Your handbook shows that microchip etching
roughly follows the relation
d = 16.2 – 16.2e–0.021t t < 200
where d is the depth of the etch in microns
[micrometers (μm)] and t is the time of the etch in
seconds. What are the units associated with the
numbers 16.2 and 0.021? Convert this relation so
that d becomes expressed in inches and t can be
used in minutes.
Example 2.9. Use of Molecular Weights to
Convert Mass to Moles
If a bucket holds 2.00 lb of NaOH:
a. How many pound moles of NaOH does it
contain?
b. How many gram moles of NaOH does it
contain?
Example 2.10. Use of Molecular Weights to
Convert Moles to Mass
How many pounds of NaOH are in 7.50 g mol of
NaOH?
Example 2.11. Average Molecular Weight of Air
Calculate the average molecular weight of air,
assuming that air is 21% O2 and 79% N2.
Example 2.13. Conversion between Mass
(Weight) Fraction and Mole Fraction
An industrial-strength drain cleaner contains
5.00 kg of water and 5.00 kg of NaOH. What are
the mass (weight) fraction and mole fraction of
each component in the drain cleaner?
Example 2.15. Choosing a Basis
Most processes for producing high-energy-content
gas or gasoline from coal include some type of
gasification step to make hydrogen or synthesis gas.
Pressure gasification is preferred because of
its greater yield of methane and higher rate of
gasification.
Given that a 50.0 kg test run of gas averages 10.0%
H2, 40.0% CH4, 30.0% CO, and 20.0% CO2,
what is the average molecular weight of the gas?
Example 2.16. Changing Bases
Considering a gas containing O2 (20%), N2
(78%), and SO2 (2%), find the composition of
the gas on an SO2-free basis, meaning gas
without the SO2 in it.
Example 2.17. Calculation of Density Given the
Specific Gravity
If penicillin has a specific gravity of 1.41, what is
the density in (a) g/cm3, (b) lbm/ft3, and (c)
kg/m3?
Example 2.20. Use of ppm
The current OSHA 8 hr limit for HCN in air is 10.0
ppm. A lethal dose of HCN in air is (from the
Merck Index) 300 mg/kg of air at room
temperature. How many milligrams of HCN per
kilogram
of air is 10.0 ppm? What fraction of the lethal
dose is 10.0 ppm?