Professional Documents
Culture Documents
• Inhalation
– airborne contaminants
• Absorption
– penetration through the skin
• Ingestion
– eating
– drinking
Administrative controls
• OH&S
– PEL, STEL, Ceiling
• NIOSH
– TWA, STEL, Ceiling
• ACGIH
– TWA, STEL, Ceiling
• TWA
– takes into account variable exposure through a full
shift, 8 hour work day
• STEL
– limit of exposure during a short period, 15 minutes
• CEILING
– absolute maximum level of exposure not to be
exceeded
– O H & S PEL
SiO2
P bar Y Safety Consultants Alberta Canada
Why Target Crystalline Silica
Exposure?
• Widespread occurrence and use
• Number of related deaths
• Number of exposed workers
• Health effects
• jack hammering
• rock drilling
• abrasive blasting
• concrete mixing
• brick and concrete block or slab cutting
10 mg/m3
= ? mg/m3
% Quartz +2
• Abrasive blasting
• Paint removal
• Road repair
• Blue-white metal
• Grayish-white powder
• Found in lead, copper, and zinc sulfide ores
• Compounds
– highly colored from brown to yellow and red
• Uses
– electrode component in alkaline batteries
– stabilizer in plastics
– paints
PEL = 5 g/m3
Employee
Rotation
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Compliance Program
• Exposure > PEL
• Written program
• Review and update as necessary
• LEAD
– Metallic lead
– All inorganic lead compounds
– Organic lead soaps
• COMPETENT PERSON
• ACTION LEVEL (AL)
– 30 g/m3
400
# hours worked
• INITIAL DETERMINATION
– To determine whether employees are exposed
at above the action level
– May rely on historical data
– May rely on objective data
• INITIAL DETERMINATION
– TASK 1 TRIGGERS:
• Exposure up to 500 g/m3 (10 x the
PEL)
• Activities include:
– manual demolition of structures, hand scrapping or
sanding, heat guns, power tool cleaning with dust
collection systems, spray painting
• INITIAL DETERMINATION
– TASK 2 TRIGGERS:
• Exposure up to 2,500 g/m3 (>10 x the
PEL, but less than 2,500 g/m3 )
• Activities include:
– using lead containing mortar, cleanup where dry
expendable abrasives are used, rivet busting, power tool
cleaning without dust collection systems,
movement/removal of enclosures
• INITIAL DETERMINATION
– TASK 3 TRIGGERS:
• Exposure > 2,500 g/m3 (>50 x the PEL)
• Activities include:
– abrasive blasting, welding, cutting, torch burning
– Document
P bar Y Safety Consultants Alberta Canada
Methods Of Compliance
Lead in Construction
• Engineering Controls
• Respiratory protection
• Compliance program
• Mechanical ventilation
• Administrative controls
• Good work practices
P bar Y Safety Consultants Alberta Canada
Respiratory Protection
Lead in Construction
• REQUIRED:
While engineering and work practice controls are
being installed or implemented
During activities when engineering and work
practice controls are not feasible
Where engineering and work practice controls are
not feasible to reduce exposures below PEL/AL
In emergencies
• Benefits
• EXPOSURE > AL
• ANNUALLY
• EXPOSURE DATA
– At least 30 years
• MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE
– Duration of employment plus 30 years
• MEDICAL REMOVAL
– At least duration of employment
• OBJECTIVE DATA
– 30 years